Diazepam as an intravenous induction agent for general anaesthesia

McClish, A

doi:10.1007/bf03002226

Cited by 73 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Data from previous studies suggests that the effects of benzodiazepines are dose related. Blood pressure does not fall after oral (Knapp et al, 1977;Elliot et al, 1970;Zweifler et al, 1983) and intravenous (Katz et al, 1967;McClish, 1966) (Rao et al, 1972;Elliot et al, 1970). It should be noted however that even severe intoxication with benzodiazepines does not result in a major fall in blood pressure (Greenblatt & Shader, 1974;Matthew et al, 1972).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The haemodynamic and hormonal responses after clonidine occur independently of sedation in essential hypertension.

Kooner

Peart

Mathias

1989

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 To investigate the contribution of sedation to the cardiovascular effects induced by clonidine, we studied patients with essential hypertension on two separate occasions when similar levels of sedation were induced by clonidine and nitrazepam. 2 After clonidine, there was a fall in blood pressure, heart rate, digital skin vascular resistance and plasma noradrenaline which is consistent with its ability to reduce sympathetic outflow. Dissociation of the circulatory/neurohormonal and sedative responses after clonidine indicated that sedation alone is not an important factor in the blood pressure lowering effect of clonidine. 3 The absence of a fall in blood pressure, heart rate, digital skin vascular resistance and plasma noradrenaline after nitrazepam further suggest that sedation did not influence the hypotensive response in essential hypertension.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The haemodynamic and hormonal responses after clonidine occur independently of sedation in essential hypertension.

Kooner

Peart

Mathias

1989

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…Several authors have described pain locally along the vein upon injection of diazepam (MCCLISH 1966, STOVNER & ENDRESEN 1967, SILLERS 1968, BAKER 1969. The pain felt on injection of Ro 54200 is similar to that after diazepam, and is probably due to the solvent, propylenglycol, which is identical for both drugs.…”

Section: Pain On Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous Anaesthesia with a New Benzodiazepine Ro 5–4200

Stovner

Endresen

Osterud

1973

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

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The fluorinated benzodiazepine compound Ro 5-4200 was used to induce anaesthesia in 140 patients. Eighty women coming for standard radical hysterectomy were induced with the drug to test its effect on amnesia, requirement of muscle relaxant and post-operative vomiting. The duration of sleep was tested in 20 women undergoing short gynaecological procedures. To observe its effect on a pathological cardio-vascular system, 40 patients with cardiac function corresponding to class 2-4, coming for open heart surgery, were induced with it. Comparable series were run with thiopentone and diazepam.Ro 5-4200 in doses of 1-3 mg (2 = 1.4 & 0.5) induced sleep in adult premedicated patients in less than 1 min, which is faster than diazepam. The amnesia was less complete than after diazepam, and the requirement of muscle relaxant did not differ significantly from the requirement after thiopentone. Postoperative vomiting occurred with the same frequency after all three induction agents. In patients with severe cardiovascular disease, induction of sleep was associated with a moderate bradycardia and hypotension. These changes were the same whether sleep was induced with a dose of one of the benzodiazepines alone or with 67% N,O in oxygen and a third of the stated benzodiazepine dose. We conclude that Ro 5-4200 causes a rapid onset of anaesthesia with minimal cardiovascular depression.

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“…Diazepam has been widely used as the main anaesthetic for cardiac D. C. conversion (NUTTER & MASSUMI 1965, KERNOHAN 1966, MUENSTER et al 1967, and as an induction agent for other procedures (STOV- NER & ENDRESEN 1965, MCCLISH 1966. I t has been claimed that it causes minimal cardiac and respiratory depression and is therefore suitable for "poor risk" patients.…”

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confidence: 99%

Diazepam and Flunitrazepam as Induction Agents for Cardiac Surgical Operations

Clarke¹,

Lyons²

1977

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

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Diazepam and flunitrazepam were compared in equipotent doses as induction agents for premedicated patients having cardiac surgery. Both drugs caused a significant fall in arterial blood pressure, a rise in Paco2 and a fall in Pao2. There was no significant difference between the two drugs in onset time of anaesthesia, cardiovascular or respiratory depression, or quality of induction. There was also no significant difference from induction with thiopentone in these respects. Diazepam, over a 0.2 to 0.6 mg/kg range of doses showed no difference in toxicity, although induction was clinically smoother with the higher dose.

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Diazepam as an intravenous induction agent for general anaesthesia

Cited by 73 publications

References 19 publications

The haemodynamic and hormonal responses after clonidine occur independently of sedation in essential hypertension.

The haemodynamic and hormonal responses after clonidine occur independently of sedation in essential hypertension.

Intravenous Anaesthesia with a New Benzodiazepine Ro 5–4200

Diazepam and Flunitrazepam as Induction Agents for Cardiac Surgical Operations

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