Dideoxy nucleoside triphosphate (ddNTP) analogues: Synthesis and polymerase substrate activities of pyrrolidinyl nucleoside triphosphates (prNTPs)

Therminator DNA Polymerase: Modified Nucleotides and Unnatural Substrates

“…In addition to fluorescent labeling, nucleotides derivatized with a variety of reporter molecules act as important detection reagents. Therminator DNA Polymerase incorporates an amino functionalized analog [pyrrolidine ddNTP (prNTPs)] that enables conjugation without modifying the structure of the nucleobase (Gade et al, 2016). Matyasovky et al designed base modified 2-allyl- and 2-proparylamino-dATP to introduce modifications into the minor groove of DNA via thiol-ene addition or CuAAC click chemistry (Matyašovsk et al, 2018).…”

<p>Omadacycline: a novel aminomethylcycline</p>

“…A chemical feature that distinguishes omadacycline from tigecycline and eravacycline is the aminomethyl substitution at the C9 position, which provides improved pharmacokinetic parameters, most notably oral bioavailability, lower dose-limiting nausea and vomiting, for which C9 glycylcyclines are infamous, and hindering of efflux-mediated resistance. Tigecycline and eravacycline, two C9-modified glycylcyclines, are also known to have improved potency related to the stability of ribosomal protection proteins and efflux pump resistance pathways 7,8…”

“…Attachment to the 30S subunit blocks the acceptor site in the mRNA-ribosome complex, which prevents amino acid incorporation into the elongating peptide 3. Because this interaction is reversible, tetracyclines are generally thought to be bacteriostatic agents: However, omadacycline has demonstrated in vitro bactericidal activity against Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae , and Moraxella catarrhalis 7. Additionally, modest inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis may be a resulting effect of protein synthesis 9…”

“…Lung surfactant does not have an effect on the in vitro activity of omadacycline 45. Omadacycline has consistently demonstrated similar to or greater potency than minocycline, doxycycline, linezolid, and vancomycin for a wide range of mouse infections models and bacterial pathogens 7…”

Caracterización de las tecnologías de secuenciación genética de segunda y tercera generación

“…Posterior al desarrollo de la metodología de secuenciación de Frederick Sanger [1], se ha incentivado el crecimiento de la genómica y demás ciencias -ómicas. La secuenciación de Sanger consiste en el uso de didesoxinucleótidos (ddNTPs); análogos químicos de los nucleótidos sin el grupo hidroxilo en el extremo 3', lo cual inhibe la extensión de la cadena de ADN en la replicación [2]. Esta técnica emplea una combinación de cada ddNTP individual marcado radioactivamente junto a nucleótidos tradicionales, permitiendo el alargamiento de la cadena de ADN hasta la incorporación de un ddNTP; los resultados son analizados por medio de electroforesis capilar para determinar la secuencia según las distancias de corrida [1].…”