Die Brandpilze Deutschlands (Ustilaginales)

Scholz, H.; Scholz, Ilse

doi:10.2307/3776736

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…S. hayekiana , Tutin et al 1993) reported from several European countries (Zillig 1921b, Zundel 1953, Scholz & Scholz 1988, Vánky 1994, 2012, Almaraz & Durrieu 1997, Zwetko & Blanz 2004, Lutz & Vánky 2009, as Microbotryum violaceum, M. violaceum s. l. or Ustilago violacea ) is a putative distinct species. In the molecular studies of Lutz et al (2005, 2008), the sequences from two specimens of the anther smut on Silene saxifraga (as S. saxifraga subsp .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Microbotryum silenes-saxifragae sp. nov. sporulating in the anthers of Silene saxifraga in southern European mountains

2013

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Currently, the monophyletic lineage of anther smuts on Caryophyllaceae includes 22 species classified in the genus Microbotryum. They are model organisms studied in many disciplines of fungal biology. A molecular phylogenetic approach was used to resolve species boundaries within the caryophyllaceous anther smuts, as species delimitation based solely on phenotypic characters was problematic. Several cryptic species were found amongst the anther smuts on Caryophyllaceae, although some morphologically distinct species were discernible, and most species were characterized by high host-specificity. In this study, anther smut specimens infecting Silene saxifraga were analysed using rDNA sequences (ITS and LSU) and morphology to resolve their specific status and to discuss their phylogenetic position within the lineage of caryophyllaceous anther smuts. The molecular phylogeny revealed that all specimens form a monophyletic lineage that is supported by the morphological trait of reticulate spores with tuberculate interspaces (observed in certain spores). This lineage cannot be attributed to any of the previously described species, and the anther smut on Silene saxifraga is described and illustrated here as a new species, Microbotryum silenes-saxifragae. This species clusters in a clade that includes Microbotryum species, which infect both closely and distantly related host plants growing in diverse ecological habitats. It appears possible that host shifts combined with changes to ecological host niches drove the evolution of Microbotryum species within this clade.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Microbotryum silenes-saxifragae sp. nov. sporulating in the anthers of Silene saxifraga in southern European mountains

2013

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“…The integration of molecular phylogenetic analyses, host plant taxonomy, and in several cases morphology appeared to be a useful combination of tools to break this impasse. Consequently, the caryophyllaceous anther smuts were split and currently include 20 species that are mostly highly host-specific (Deml & Oberwinkler 1982;Scholz & Scholz 1988;V anky 1988;Chlebicki & Sukov a 2005;Lutz et al 2005Lutz et al , 2008Denchev 2007a, b;Denchev et al 2009). Thereby the number of described species is probably only a small fraction of the actual number of caryophyllaceous anther smuts worldwide, as can be estimated from the magnitude of host species listed in the literature (Zundel 1953;Thrall et al 1993;V anky 1994;Antonovics et al 2003;Hood et al 2010;Savchenko & Heluta 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Microbotryum heliospermae, a new anther smut fungus parasitic on Heliosperma pusillum in the mountains of the European Alpine System

et al. 2012

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“…This species was described from Italy (Ciferri 1928), and the sequenced specimens are from Germany and Slovenia. The different anther smut records and collections on Muscari botryoides from Europe (Bulgaria, Germany, UK) (Scholz & Scholz 1988, Denchev 2001, Kirk & Cooper 2013) and Australasia (New Zealand) (Vánky & McKenzie 2002) probably belong to this species. It was introduced to areas outside the natural range of Muscari botryoides , for example to UK and New Zealand.…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The anther smut on Muscari schliemannii (syn . M. armeniacum ) from the Berlin Botanical Garden (Magnus 1896, Scholz & Scholz 1988) and on M. cyaneoviolaceum (syn. M. armeniacum ) from the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (Kirk & Cooper 2013) most probably belongs to this species.…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, molecular analyses revealed genetic divergences between smut collections from different Muscari species (Bauer et al 2008), which suggest that host specialization may be higher than to the genus level and that more than one species may have radiated on Muscari species. Indeed, in addition to Antherospora vaillantii on Muscari comosum , a second species was described for anther smuts on Muscari , namely Ustilago muscari-botryoidis on Muscari botryoides , although in recent monographs it was considered a synonym of the former species (Vánky 1985, 1994, 2012, Scholz & Scholz 1988, Karatygin & Azbukina 1989, Denchev 2001). The history of discovery and description of Ustilago muscari-botryoidis well illustrates the approach leading to the descriptions of different biological species by taxonomists working at the beginning of 20 th century, prior to establishment of molecular methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryptic diversity in the Antherospora vaillantii complex on Muscari species

2013

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The anther smut fungi in the ustilaginomycetous genus Antherospora (Floromycetaceae, Urocystidales) that infect monocots, are currently placed in nine species. Against the background of the generally observed high host specificity in smut fungi, the broad host range reported for some of the species suggests much higher diversity. Antherospora vaillantii s. lato includes anther smuts on different Muscari species. In this study, specimens of anther smuts on Muscari armeniacum, M. botryoides, M. comosum, and M. tenuiflorum were analysed by rDNA sequences and morphology to determine whether they represented one polyphagous or several host specific species. The molecular phylogeny revealed three distinct lineages that were correlated with host plants, yet had only slight morphological differences. These lineages are assigned to three cryptic species: Antherospora hortensis sp. nov. on Muscari armeniacum, A. muscari-botryoidis comb. nov. (syn. Ustilago muscari-botryoidis) on M. botryoides, and A. vaillantii s. str. on M. comosum and M. tenuiflorum. All species on Muscari form a monophyletic group within Antherospora, and the phylogenetic relations within this group coincide well with the subgeneric classification of the respective host species. This indicates a common ancestry of Muscari anther smuts and co-evolution as a driver of their diversification.

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Die Brandpilze Deutschlands (Ustilaginales)

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Microbotryum silenes-saxifragae sp. nov. sporulating in the anthers of Silene saxifraga in southern European mountains

Microbotryum silenes-saxifragae sp. nov. sporulating in the anthers of Silene saxifraga in southern European mountains

Microbotryum heliospermae, a new anther smut fungus parasitic on Heliosperma pusillum in the mountains of the European Alpine System

Cryptic diversity in the Antherospora vaillantii complex on Muscari species

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