Die Diffusion des Wasserstoffs im Palladium

Abstract

Einleitung,

Theoretical Interpretation of Anomalous Enhancement of Nuclear Reaction Rates Observed at Low Energies with Metal Targets

“…( 19), (1b)-(3b), ( 1), ( 14), (10), and ( 16) respectively. 19) The suggested experiment ( 1) is based on experimental evidences 25,26,[38][39][40][41] that the applied electric field in a metal causes protons (deuterons) in metal to become mobile, thus leading to a higher density for the quasi-free mobile protons (deuterons) in the reaction zone during proton (deuteron) beam experiments.…”

Molecular Hydrogen and Metallic Surfaces.

“…Arguments for the presence of positive hydrogen ions on metal surfaces usually start from Coehn's observations on the migration of hydrogen dissolved in palladium in an electric field (15). However, calculation from these data indicates a positive change of only onefiftieth of an electronic charge per hydrogen atom (20) and the necessity for this may be made clear on energetic grounds (47).…”

Absolute Rates of Solid Reactions: Diffusion.

“…The decrease in conductivity caused by dissolving hydrogen in palladium is in part due to the diluting of the conducting metallic electrons, since the metal expands with increasing hydrogen concentration; but the conductivity decrease is greater than can be accounted for on this basis alone. In table H-Pd............. Au-Pb (0.02 atom 2.5 X 10"s 9.5 X "5 308 0.007 H positive (10) per cent Au).... 4.73 X 10"s 3.25 X 10"' 473 0.006 Au negative (53) Pb Pbl........... 6.63 X 10"12 2.97 X "13 500 0.96 Pb positive (52,24) Pd-Au............ 3.45 X *11 1.17 X io-'°1173 0.03 Pd positive (30, 29) C-Fe............. 1.6 X 10-» 5. X 10"' 1343 0.005 C positive (57,46) to 2.2 X "2 K (or Cl)-HsO,... where « is the specific conductance, n¡ is the transference number of the ith constituent, 5" is the Faraday, and c is the concentration in gram-atoms per liter. Substituting for z, we get z 8.9 X 10"7 ,* Dei where D is the diffusion coefficient.…”

“…In the range where v is small enough so that hv <K kT and we can expand the exponential term retaining only the first power of the exponent, we obtain D = \2ve~^ ( 10) If we treat the motion along the reaction coordinate as a translation and use classical mechanics in a manner previously adopted for liquids (16), we would have where (ID is the corresponding partition function for the normal state. Here µ is the reduced mass of the two passing molecules and V¡ is the free volume (20).…”