Die Explosionschemie der Bombardierkäfer: Struktur und Eigenschaften der brennkammerenzyme

Schildknecht, H.; Maschwitz, Eleonore; Maschwitz, U.

doi:10.1016/0022-1910(70)90105-8

Cited by 27 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…When bombardier beetles are disturbed muscles surrounding the reservoir chamber contract, allowing the hydroquinones and hydrogen peroxide, which are stored in the reservoir chamber, to pass through the one-way valve and enter the reaction chamber and mix with catalases and peroxidases. This results in an explosive exothermic reaction, producing benzoquinones, free oxygen, water and heat up to 100 C (Schildknecht and Holoubek, 1961;Schildknecht et al, 1968Schildknecht et al, , 1970Aneshansley et al, 1969), accompanied by a characteristic popping sound.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional anatomy of the explosive defensive system of bombardier beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Brachininae)

Giulio

Muzzi

Romani

2015

Arthropod Structure & Development

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional anatomy of the explosive defensive system of bombardier beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Brachininae)

Giulio

Muzzi

Romani

2015

Arthropod Structure & Development

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“…1). One lineage, the brachinoid lineage, includes the familiar bombardiers (genera Brachinus and Stenaptinus, among others) in which the bombarding mechanism was first worked out (Schildknecht 1957;Schildknecht & Holubek 1961;Schildknecht et al 1968Schildknecht et al , 1970Aneshansley et al 1969). The other lineage, the paussoid lineage, includes beetles of several tribes that also bombard (Eisner & Aneshansley 1982;Aneshansley et al 1983;Eisner et al 1992Eisner et al , 2000, but which on account of more restricted distribution and secretive habits are generally less known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spray mechanism of crepidogastrine bombardier beetles (Carabidae; Crepidogastrini)

et al. 2001

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The defensive glandular apparatus of primitive bombardier beetles of the tribe Crepidogastrini (Carabidae) is described for the first time. As exemplified by two African species (Crepidogaster ambreana and C. atrata), the apparatus conforms to the basic bombardier plan, in that the glands are bicompartmented and the secretion is quinonoid (it contains 1,4-benzoquinones and hydrocarbons), hot, and discharged audibly. In a number of morphological respects the crepidogastrine apparatus resembles that of the classical bombardiers of the tribe Brachinini (rather than that of bombardiers of the paussoid lineage), reinforcing the view, already held on taxonomic grounds, that the Crepidogastrini and Brachinini are closely related. That the Crepidogastrini may be primitive relative to Brachinini is underscored by the finding that, unlike brachinines, crepidogastrines do not pulse their secretory emissions. Moreover, they discharge their secretion as a mist, rather than forcibly in the form of jets.

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Binärkampfstoffe — Eine neue Variante chemischer Massenvernichtungsmittel

Löhs

Martinetz

1986

Zeitschrift fuer Chemie

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Since 1954 a new generation of chemical warfare agents, the socalled binary warfare agents as a variant of chemical weapons have been developed, mainly by the US Army. There exist models of binary poisons in plants as well as in animals and also in the civil production of very different chemicals. But in any case the development and stockpiling of this new type of warfare agents is against all the progress made in the Geneva talks on disarmament and the very first results of the Geneva Disarmament Conference. It is also an escalation in the arms race and in the destablization of security esp. in Europe, for which the main stocks of these weapons are planed by the USA. Finally this binary concept is opening the doors for new research and development in the chemical weapons field.

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Die Explosionschemie der Bombardierkäfer: Struktur und Eigenschaften der brennkammerenzyme

Cited by 27 publications

References 46 publications

Functional anatomy of the explosive defensive system of bombardier beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Brachininae)

Functional anatomy of the explosive defensive system of bombardier beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Brachininae)

Spray mechanism of crepidogastrine bombardier beetles (Carabidae; Crepidogastrini)

Binärkampfstoffe — Eine neue Variante chemischer Massenvernichtungsmittel

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