Die Irradiation der Pressoreceptorischen Kreislaufreflexe

Koch, Eb.

doi:10.1007/bf01755058

Cited by 129 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Activation of baroreceptors generally reduces (anti-ergotropic) the activation level of the organism (15,16,20,54), e.g. a process known to induce sleep (56), while activation of chemoreceptors and somato-sensitive afferents generally activates (anti-trophotropic effect, see 15,16,20). During inspiration, excitation of pulmonary stretch receptors are known to reduce the activity of these CBS-neurons (15,16,24,25), a fact which helps explain the phenomena observed during AT in our test person.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular rhythms in the 0.15-Hz band: common origin of identical phenomena in man and dog in the reticular formation of the brain stem?

Perlitz

Lambertz

Cotuk

et al. 2004

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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Selected examples from man and canine experiments with time series of reticular neurons, respiration, arterial blood pressure, and cutaneous forehead blood content fluctuations were analyzed using multiscaled Time-Frequency-Distribution (TFD), Post-Event-Scan (PES), and Pointwise Transinformation (PTI), resp.. We found in both experiments a "0.15 Hz rhythm" which exhibited periods of spindle wave epochs (increasing and decreasing amplitudes) to be phase synchronized with respiration at 1:2, 1:1 and 2:1 integer number ratios. At times of these wave-epochs and n:m phase-synchronization, the "0.15 Hz rhythm" appeared also in heart rate and arterial blood pressure fluctuations. If phase synchronization of the "0.15 Hz rhythm" with respiration was established at a 1:1 integer number ratio, it was maintained throughout and resulted in consensualization of all cardio-vascular-respiratory oscillations at 0.15 Hz. Analysis of a canine experiment supplied evidence that the emergence of the "0.15Hz rhythm" and n:m phase synchronization appears to result from a decline in the level of the general activity of the organism which was associated with a decline in the level of activity of reticular neurons in the lower brainstem network. These findings corroborate the notion of the "0.15 Hz rhythm" to be a state marker of the `trophotropic mode of operation` which was introduced by W.R. Hess.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular rhythms in the 0.15-Hz band: common origin of identical phenomena in man and dog in the reticular formation of the brain stem?

Perlitz

Lambertz

Cotuk

et al. 2004

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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“…They play an essential role in blood pressure regulation. Investigating the physiological characteristics of the arterial baroreceptors in dogs, the physiologist Koch (1932) made unexpected observations; baroreceptor stimulation not only led to cardiovascular regulatory responses, but when prolonged, put the animal to sleep. The ancient Greek scholars must have been aware of this effect of baroreceptors in the carotid artery, as 'carotis' means 'deep sleep'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysiology of arterial baroreceptors and the etiology of hypertension

Rau

Elbert

2001

Biological Psychology

161

143

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Arterial baroreceptors are sensitive to blood pressure dependent blood vessel dilation. They play a key role in the short term regulation of blood pressure. Their impact on psychological and psychophysiological aspects is of increasing interest. The review focuses on experimental techniques for the controlled baroreceptor manipulation. Results from the application of these techniques show that baroreceptor activation influences the cardiovascular system as well as central nervous functioning: Behavioral and electrophysiological measures of arousal, low level reflexes and pain responses are modulated through baroreceptor manipulation. The observation of an overall dampening ('barbiturate like') effect of baroreceptor activity led Dworkin et al. formulate the theory of learned hypertension: Subjects might experience blood pressure dependent baroreceptor activation as stress and pain relieving. High blood pressure periods become negatively reinforced. Phasic high blood pressure might develop as a coping strategy. Data from a longitudinal human study supporting this theory are reported.

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“…The vagal cardioinhibitory and sympathoinhibitory vascular effects of these reflexes have been studied for >60 years. That reflex effects of baroreceptor activation help buffer rapid changes in arterial pressure is undisputed; however, in addition to these peripheral cardiovascular effects, stimulation of the baroreceptors produces less known, but clearly documented, general inhibition of central nervous processes: Independent of changes in general circulation, the activation of baroafferent pathways by electrical nerve stimulation, mechanical stretch, or elevation of blood pressure will decrease somatic muscle tone (1,2), inhibit spinal somatic sensory pathways (3) and sham rage (4), induce synchronization of the electroencephalogram (5), increase cortical positivity (6), blunt pain sensations (7), reduce anxiety (8,9), and induce sleep (10) or even clinically significant syncope (11). Arousing emotional and pain stimuli elevate blood pressure (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), and the central nervous system (CNS) inhibitory effects ofbarostimulation most simply can be seen to provide supplementary negative feedback, which, along with cardioinhibition and vasodilatation, helps to restore excessively elevated blood pressure to a safer level.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Central effects of baroreceptor activation in humans: attenuation of skeletal reflexes and pain perception.

Dworkin

Elbert

Rau

et al. 1994

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

226

140

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Activating (4), induce synchronization of the electroencephalogram (5), increase cortical positivity (6), blunt pain sensations (7), reduce anxiety (8, 9), and induce sleep (10) or even clinically significant syncope (11). Arousing emotional and pain stimuli elevate blood pressure (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), and the central nervous system (CNS) inhibitory effects ofbarostimulation most simply can be seen to provide supplementary negative feedback, which, along with cardioinhibition and vasodilatation, helps to restore excessively elevated blood pressure to a safer level. Dworkin et al. (19) reported that rats escape from and avoid a mildly aversive trigeminal nucleus stimulus to a lesser degree when their blood pressure is pharmacologically elevated and that the effect can be abolished by denervation of the baroreceptors. They also showed that the impaired avoidance behavior persists into extinction, suggesting that, in addition to pain perception, anxiety is affected. In an extensive series of experiments using more conventional pain stimuli, Randich and Maixner (20) Abbreviations: CNS, central nervous system; CSPP, carotid sinus pulse pressure; PRES, phase-related external suction; EMG, electromyographic or electromyogram; G-G, Greenhouse-Geisser. ITo whom reprint requests should be addressed. 6329The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact.

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Die Irradiation der Pressoreceptorischen Kreislaufreflexe

Cited by 129 publications

References 5 publications

Cardiovascular rhythms in the 0.15-Hz band: common origin of identical phenomena in man and dog in the reticular formation of the brain stem?

Cardiovascular rhythms in the 0.15-Hz band: common origin of identical phenomena in man and dog in the reticular formation of the brain stem?

Psychophysiology of arterial baroreceptors and the etiology of hypertension

Central effects of baroreceptor activation in humans: attenuation of skeletal reflexes and pain perception.

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