Die selektive Hydrierung von Acetylen im Herstellungsverfahren für Vinylchlorid

Müller, H.; Deller, K.; Vollheim, Gerhard; Kühn, W.

doi:10.1002/cite.330590808

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…A very important field is the production of palladiumbased heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. Palladium catalysts are used in different fields of petroleum refining such as the hydrofining process of fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) or catalytic reforming [2], or in the reduction of acetylene to ethylene [3]. Another large-scale application with steadily growing importance is the introduction of palladium into modern automotive exhaust gas catalysts as an essential catalytic component of the 'washcoat' materials [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Contacts for n-Type Diamond

Teraji

Koizumi

Mita

et al. 1999

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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The inelastic incoherent neutron scattering (IINS) technique has been utilized to study the way in which various kinds of palladium retain hydrogen after different pretreatments. Coldrolled palladium foil, coarse palladium powder and finely divided palladium samples of different particle size and pretreatment were compared after controlled hydrogenation at room temperature and subsequent short-term dehydrogenation at 20, 50 and 70 • C. In a set of experiments under constant conditions, the incomplete decomposition of the βand α-hydride phases at the given temperatures were found to be uncorrelated to the morphology of the samples under investigation or to the presence of strongly adherent carbonaceous degradation products at the surface of some of the samples. The dominant factor was the effect of hydrogen trapping due to mechanical pretreatment. It was shown that this effect may also be of some relevance at elevated temperatures.It was also found that IINS is a suitable technique for the analysis of strongly adherent carbons at the surface of metals and metal hydrides and to discriminate between simple molecular structures and organic species of extended size. This is even the case for partial coverage of finely divided powders, the strong electromagnetic absorption and high electrical conductivity raises problems in utilizing other analytical techniques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Contacts for n-Type Diamond

Teraji

Koizumi

Mita

et al. 1999

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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“…Catalysts based on nickel or zinc on alumina or silica [19,20] and cadmium, calcium, barium, strontium or magnesium on Cr 2 O 3 [21] have been used in some cases. However, it has been found that palladium is the most selective metal for acetylene hydrogenation and the most common commercially used catalyst is Pd/alumina [3,4].…”

Section: Process Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters for Hydrogenation Reactions Using a Genetic Algorithm

et al. 2009

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The kinetics of acetylene hydrogenation in a fixed-bed reactor of a commercial Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalyst has been studied. The hydrogenation reactor considered in this work is an essential part of a vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) plant. Three wellknown kinetic models were used to simulate the hydrogenation reactor under industrial operating conditions. Since none of the models provide appropriate prediction, the industrial data and calculated values were compared and optimum kinetic parameters were evaluated utilizing a genetic algorithm (GA) technique. The best kinetic parameters for the three models were determined under specified industrial operating conditions. The hydrogenation reactor was simulated using the estimated optimum kinetic parameters of the three models. Simulation results from the three models were compared to industrial data and the best kinetic model was found. This kinetic model with the evaluated optimum kinetic parameters can well predict the behavior of the industrial hydrogenation reactor to improve the performance of the process.

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“…X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) revealed the high purity of this kind of coke. Products from predominantly catalytically driven coking were sieved from the surfaces of 0.15% Pd/SiO 2 catalysts, which were deactivated due to enhanced deposition of carbon and corrosion products during operation in the selective hydrogenation of acetylene to ethylene in the HCl-recycle gas stream of the vinyl chloride process at T < 200 C: [11,12] ( carbon depositions were products from both the polymerization reactions [12] of acetylene/ethylene/vinyl chloride and the transformation of amorphous carbon into aromatic/ graphitic carbon under the catalytic influence of the Fe impurities [8]. Similar materials but of lower graphiticity are known from tubular reactors in petrochemical processes [9,10].…”

Section: Thermally and Catalytically Driven Catalyst Cokingmentioning

confidence: 99%