Die unspezifìschen Entzündungen der Knochen

Lauche, A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-48203-8_1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…20A). Bone pathologists from the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century often diagnosed macerated bone in a way similar to paleopathologists of today (e.g., Beitzke, 1934;Gruber, 1938;Konschegg, 1934;Lauche, 1939). Sometimes an exact diagnosis is not possible, but in almost all cases the group of diseases characterized by the various bone reactions (e.g., proliferative, osteolytic), or at least the nature of the disease, can be determined (e.g., inflammatory, hemorrhagic).…”

Section: Miscellaneous Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleohistopathology of bone: A new approach to the study of ancient diseases

Schultz

2001

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

275

251

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Light microscopy, particularly the use of polarized light, has such a high value for the differential diagnosis of dry bones that it can no longer be neglected. Alterations caused intra vitam by disease or other living conditions can clearly be differentiated by this technique from changes due to postmortem reactions (e.g., pseudopathology). As a reliable diagnosis is the basis not only of the study of case reports but also of the etiology and epidemiology of diseases in ancient populations, paleopathologists would be well-advised to employ histological analysis for their research, to avoid false diagnoses. The necessary basis for such research is the knowledge of the general histology, histogenesis, and growth as well as pathophysiology of bone. Some new techniques which facilitate the practical use of microscopic analysis, such as the preparation of thin-ground sections from undecalcified bone samples and nonrehydrated mummified soft tissues, are described. Selected examples of mechanisms of pathological bone changes, particularly the determination of vestiges of diseases in macerated bones by microscopy, are presented. Emphasis is placed on the differential diagnoses of proliferative reactions (e.g., periosteal processes of long bones and the skull). In this context, the importance of meningeal reactions on the endocranial lamina of the skull for morbidity and mortality in ancient populations is demonstrated. Furthermore, porotic hyperostosis of the skull vault and the orbital roof, i.e., the cribra cranii externa and cribra orbitalia, is discussed. Selected examples of the etiology and epidemiology of ancient diseases are presented (e.g., anemia, scurvy, rickets, and meningeal diseases), and ideas on living conditions and their implications for the origin and the spread of disease are given to establish a better understanding of deficiency and infectious diseases in the past.

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Section: Miscellaneous Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleohistopathology of bone: A new approach to the study of ancient diseases

Schultz

2001

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

275

251

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“…The analysis was carried out according to the recommendations of Schultz (1988bSchultz ( , 1990, and was based on guidelines by a number of authors (e.g. Fraenkel, 1929;Schmidt, 1929;Beitzke, 1934a,b;Lauche, 1939;Burkhardt, 1970;Ortner, 2003) and also in clinical texts (Jaffe, 1972;Resnick, 1995). Pathological changes were documented by descriptions, measurements, photographs and drawings.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infancy and childhood in the pre‐Columbian North American Southwest–first results of the palaeopathological investigation of the skeletons from the Grasshopper Pueblo, Arizona

Schultz

Timme

Schmidt-Schultz

2007

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Infant and child skeletons (n ¼ 369) from the pre-Columbian Grasshopper Pueblo site in east-central Arizona (US) dating from the 14 th century AD were examined macroscopically and with low-power microscopy. They were studied as a representative example of a typical Mogollon community with respect to frequencies of deficiency and inflammatory diseases. First results revealed very poor living conditions, which are characteristic for this time period in the North American Southwest because of lack of food due to climatic and political changes. Thus, non-specific stress indicators were frequently observed. In the group of deficiency diseases, anaemia was found in more than 50% of individuals, and in the group of inflammatory diseases, meningeal irritations were diagnosed in more than 70%.

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Literatur

Böhm¹

1986

Chronische Posttraumatische Osteomyelitis

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Die unspezifìschen Entzündungen der Knochen

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Paleohistopathology of bone: A new approach to the study of ancient diseases

Paleohistopathology of bone: A new approach to the study of ancient diseases

Infancy and childhood in the pre‐Columbian North American Southwest–first results of the palaeopathological investigation of the skeletons from the Grasshopper Pueblo, Arizona

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