DIEGO: A Multispectral Thermal Mission for Earth Observation on the International Space Station

Schultz, Johannes; Hartmann, M.; Heinemann, Sascha; Janke, Jens; Jürgens, Carsten; Oertel, D.; Rücker, Gernot; Thonfeld, Frank; Rienow, Andreas

doi:10.1080/22797254.2019.1698318

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Except for the ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS) (see (accessed on 1 December 2021) with six spectral bands in the TIR band (with pixel saturation temperatures at ~380 K) and the proposed Dynamic Infrared Earth Observation on ISS Orbit (DIEGO) in Germany (see [ 16 ]), proposed with an MIR band and several TIR bands, there are no existing or planned multi-spectral mid and thermal IR missions delivering higher-spatial resolution (<100 m) data at varying times of the day, including repeated acquisitions at afternoon local times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Capabilities of Dedicated Small Satellite Infrared Missions for the Quantitative Characterization of Wildfires

et al. 2022

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The main objective of this paper was to demonstrate the capability of dedicated small satellite infrared sensors with cooled quantum detectors, such as those successfully utilized three times in Germany’s pioneering BIRD and FireBIRD small satellite infrared missions, in the quantitative characterization of high-temperature events such as wildfires. The Bi-spectral Infrared Detection (BIRD) mission was launched in October 2001. The space segment of FireBIRD consists of the small satellites Technologie Erprobungs-Träger (TET-1), launched in July 2012, and Bi-spectral InfraRed Optical System (BIROS), launched in June 2016. These missions also significantly improved the scientific understanding of space-borne fire monitoring with regard to climate change. The selected examples compare the evaluation of quantitative characteristics using data from BIRD or FireBIRD and from the operational polar orbiting IR sensor systems MODIS, SLSTR and VIIRS. Data from the geostationary satellite “Himawari-8” were compared with FireBIRD data, obtained simultaneously. The geostationary Meteosat Third Generation-Imager (MTG-I) is foreseen to be launched at the end of 2022. In its application to fire, the MTG-I’s Flexible Combined Imager (FCI) will provide related spectral bands at ground sampling distances (GSD) of 3.8 µm and 10.5 µm at the sub-satellite point (SSP) of 1 km or 2 km, depending on the used FCI imaging mode. BIRD wildfire data, obtained over Africa and Portugal, were used to simulate the fire detection and monitoring capability of MTG-I/FCI. A new quality of fire monitoring is predicted, if the 1 km resolution wildfire data from MTG-1/FCI are used together with the co-located fire data acquired by the polar orbiting Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), and possibly prospective FireBIRD-type compact IR sensors flying on several small satellites in various low Earth orbits (LEOs).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Capabilities of Dedicated Small Satellite Infrared Missions for the Quantitative Characterization of Wildfires

et al. 2022

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“…Other upcoming instruments such as the planned Canadian WildFireSat mission [62] and the proposed DIEGO mission on the International Space Station [63] will provide additional opportunities to derive wildfire ROS at high spatial resolution at varying overpass times (DIEGO) and medium spatial resolution fire detection at a currently under-observed late afternoon overpass time (WildFireSat).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Byram’s Fire Intensity and Rate of Spread from Spaceborne Remote Sensing Data in a Savanna Landscape

Ruecker¹,

Leimbach²,

Tiemann³

2021

Fire

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Fire behavior is well described by a fire’s direction, rate of spread, and its energy release rate. Fire intensity as defined by Byram (1959) is the most commonly used term describing fire behavior in the wildfire community. It is, however, difficult to observe from space. Here, we assess fire spread and fire radiative power using infrared sensors with different spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions. The sensors used offer either high spatial resolution (Sentinel-2) for fire detection, but a low temporal resolution, moderate spatial resolution and daily observations (VIIRS), and high temporal resolution with low spatial resolution and fire radiative power retrievals (Meteosat SEVIRI). We extracted fire fronts from Sentinel-2 (using the shortwave infrared bands) and use the available fire products for S-NPP VIIRS and Meteosat SEVIRI. Rate of spread was analyzed by measuring the displacement of fire fronts between the mid-morning Sentinel-2 overpasses and the early afternoon VIIRS overpasses. We retrieved FRP from 15-min Meteosat SEVIRI observations and estimated total fire radiative energy release over the observed fire fronts. This was then converted to total fuel consumption, and, by making use of Sentinel-2-derived burned area, to fuel consumption per unit area. Using rate of spread and fuel consumption per unit area, Byram’s fire intensity could be derived. We tested this approach on a small number of fires in a frequently burning West African savanna landscape. Comparison to field experiments in the area showed similar numbers between field observations and remote-sensing-derived estimates. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first direct estimate of Byram’s fire intensity from spaceborne remote sensing data. Shortcomings of the presented approach, foundations of an error budget, and potential further development, also considering upcoming sensor systems, are discussed.

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“…Passive microwave remote sensing can also be used to monitor water temperature; however, its spatial resolution is even coarser than thermal bands and greatly limits observable inland water features to those larger than its spatial footprint (e.g., 25 km × 25 km; Duan et al, 2020; Sogno et al, 2022). While spatial resolution is a limiting factor for satellite‐based inland water temperature, the future of this field is promising due to the anticipated launch of higher resolution satellites like NASA's Surface Biology and Geology (SBG; Schneider et al, 2019), Landsat NeXt (Wulder et al, 2022), and Thermal infraRed Imaging Satellite for High‐resolution Natural resource Assessment (TRISHNA; Lagouarde et al, 2018), alongside other new thermal sensor concepts (Schultz et al, 2020) and future commercially available options (Kulu, 2021).…”

Section: Background: Remote Sensing Of Inland Water Quantity and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the divide between inland water quantity and quality with satellite remote sensing: An interdisciplinary review

Ellis,

Allen,

Riggs

et al. 2024

WIREs Water

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The quantity and quality of surface water are inherently connected yet are overwhelmingly studied separately in the field of remote sensing. Remotely observable water quantity (e.g., water extent, water elevation, lake/reservoir volume, and river discharge) and water quality (e.g., color, turbidity, total suspended solids, chlorophyll a, colored dissolved organic matter, and temperature) parameters of inland waterbodies interact through a series of hydrological and biogeochemical processes. In this review, we analyzed trends in remote sensing publications to understand the prevalence of studies on the quantity versus quality of open‐surface inland waterbodies (rivers, streams, lakes, and reservoirs) as well as identified opportunities for integrating both water quality and quantity sensing in future work. Our bibliometric analysis found that despite the increasing number of publications using remote sensing for inland waterbodies, few studies to date have used remote sensing tools or approaches to simultaneously study water quantity and quality. Ultimately, by providing insights into potential integration of the water quality and quantity studies, we aim to identify a pathway to advance the understanding of inland water dynamics and freshwater resources through remote sensing.This article is categorized under: Water and Life > Methods Science of Water > Water Quality Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems Science of Water > Methods

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DIEGO: A Multispectral Thermal Mission for Earth Observation on the International Space Station

Cited by 11 publications

References 53 publications

The Capabilities of Dedicated Small Satellite Infrared Missions for the Quantitative Characterization of Wildfires

The Capabilities of Dedicated Small Satellite Infrared Missions for the Quantitative Characterization of Wildfires

Estimation of Byram’s Fire Intensity and Rate of Spread from Spaceborne Remote Sensing Data in a Savanna Landscape

Bridging the divide between inland water quantity and quality with satellite remote sensing: An interdisciplinary review

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