Diel nectar secretion rhythm in squash (Cucurbita pepo) and its relation with pollinator activity

Edge, Andrea; Nest, Byron N. Van; Johnson, Jennifer; Miller, Samara N.; Naeger, Nick; Boyd, Sam D.; Moore, Darrell

doi:10.1007/s13592-011-0087-8

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In the squash, Cucurbita pepo L., nectar volume and concentration varies significantly during the course of the day and this have influence on when honey bees visit its flowers (Edge et al 2012). This also seems to be the case for O. maculata, in which nectar volume and concentration also varies throughout the day and there is a positive correlation between nectar volume and the frequency of visits by Heliconius butterflies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Does Oeceoclades maculata (Orchidaceae) reabsorb nectar?

Aguiar

Pansarin

2013

European Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Nectar is the most common resource offered by orchid flowers. In some cases, flowers reabsorb nectar as part of a resource-recovery strategy. Nectar is present only in the morning in the widespread orchid Oececoclades maculata (Lindl.) Lindl. To determine whether this is due to reabsorption or evaporation of water, the volume of nectar and its concentration in previously bagged flowers were determined throughout the day at two hourly intervals. In addition, the entrance to the nectary of flowers of cultivated plants was obstructed with petroleum jelly in the morning, to prevent the evaporation of water and, in the afternoon, the presence of nectar was recorded. Furthermore, manually self-pollinated flowers, also with the entrance to the nectary obstructed, had their nectary checked 24 hours after pollination to determine whether post-pollination reabsorption occurred. In addition, the period when the pollinators of O. maculata foraged for nectar was determined in order to establish whether it was associated with the period when nectar was available. The volume and concentration of nectar in O. maculata flowers vary from 0.82 µl (25.10%) between 10-12 h and 0.36 µl (33.73%) between 16-18 h and this difference is caused by evaporation of water. Post-pollination reabsorption does not occur in this species. Pollinators forage most actively between 10-12 h. Thus, O. maculata does not reabsorb nectar, but evaporative water loss is a significant factor determining the variation in the volume and concentration of this reward and this is positively correlated with butterfly visitation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Does Oeceoclades maculata (Orchidaceae) reabsorb nectar?

Aguiar

Pansarin

2013

European Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…A honey bee forager will remember the time of day it exploited a profitable food source and will return to that source at approximately the same time on the following day (von ButtelReepen, 1900;Beling, 1929;Wahl, 1932;Wahl, 1933;Renner, 1955;Renner, 1957;Beier, 1968;Beier and Lindauer, 1970;Frisch and Aschoff, 1987;Moore and Rankin, 1983;Moore et al, 1989). This time memory enables bees to match their foraging efforts with nectar secretion rhythms of flowers by cuing on either the time of highest nectar concentration (Butler, 1945;Corbet and Delfosse, 1984;Kleber, 1935) or highest total sugar (Giurfa and Núñez, 1992;Rabinowitch et al, 1993;Edge et al, 2012). This means that many foragers do not start their day as novices: the time memory eliminates the need to expend excess energy required to rediscover the same food sources each day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence, reticence, and the management of multiple time memories by forager honey bees

Wagner

Nest

Hobbs

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYHoney bee foragers form time memories that enable them to match their foraging activity to the time of day when a particular food source is most productive. Persistent foragers show food-anticipatory activity by making reconnaissance flights to the previously productive food source and may continue to inspect it for several days. In contrast, reticent foragers do not investigate the source but wait for confirmation from returning persistent foragers. To determine how persistent and reticent foragers might contribute to the colonyʼs ability to rapidly reallocate foragers among sources, we trained foragers to collect sucrose from a feeder at a restricted time of day for several days and then observed their behavior for three consecutive days during which the feeder was empty. In two separate trials, video monitoring of the hive entrance during unrewarded test days in parallel with observing reconnaissance visits to the feeder revealed a high level of activity, in both persistent and reticent foragers, thought to be directed at other food sources. This ʻextracurricularʼ activity showed a high degree of temporal overlap with reconnaissance visits to the feeder. In some cases, inspection flights to the unrewarded feeder were made within the same trip to an extracurricular source, indicating that honey bees have the ability to manage at least two different time memories despite coincidence with respect to time of day. The results have major implications for understanding flower fidelity throughout the day, flower constancy within individual foraging excursions, and the sophisticated cognitive management of spatiotemporal memories in honey bees.

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“…Honey bees, Apis mellifera, have the remarkable ability to remember the time of day when food sources are most profitable. This time-memory, also described as circadian time-place learning (cTPL), has been shown repeatedly in A. mellifera (Butler, 1945;Corbet and Delfosse, 1984;Edge et al, 2012;Giurfa and Núñez, 1992;Kleber, 1935;Rabinowitch et al, 1993) and has now been demonstrated in the ants Ectatoma ruidum (Schatz et al, 1999) and Paraponera clavata (Harrison and Breed, 1987) and in the stingless bees Melipona fasciculata (de Jesus et al, 2014), Trigona amalthea (Breed et al, 2002) and Trigona fulviventris (Murphy and Breed, 2008). Evidence that honey bee time-memory is driven by a circadian clock comes from (1) experiments showing a free-running period of foraging behavior close to 24 h under constant conditions (Frisch and Aschoff, 1987;Renner, 1955Renner, , 1957, (2) phase shifts, with transients, in response to phase changes in light-dark (LD) cycles (Beier, 1968;Renner, 1959) and (3) a limited range (20-26 h) of entrainment under LD cycles (Beier, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

High experience levels delay recruitment but promote simultaneous time-memories in honey bee foragers

Nest

Otto

Moore

2018

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Honey bee (Apis mellifera) foragers can remember both the location and time of day food is collected and, even in the absence of a reward, reconnoiter the food source at the appropriate time on subsequent days. This spatiotemporal memory (time-memory) is linked to the circadian clock and enables foragers to synchronize their behavior with floral nectar secretion rhythms, thus eliminating the need to rediscover productive food sources each day. Here, we asked whether the establishment of one time-memory influences the formation of another time-memory at the same time of day. In other words, can two time-place memories with the same 'time-stamp' coexist? We simultaneously trained two groups of foragers from a single hive to two separate feeders at the same restricted time of day. After 5 days of training, one feeder was shut off. The second feeder continued being productive 4 more days. Our results showed that (1) foragers with high experience levels at the first source were significantly more likely than low-experience foragers to maintain fidelity to their original source and resist recruitment to the alternative source, (2) nearly one-third of foragers demonstrated multiple, overlapping time-memories by visiting both feeders at the correct time and (3) significantly more high-experience than low-experience foragers exhibited this multitasking behavior. The ability to maintain and act upon two different, yet contemporaneous, time-memories gives the forager bee a previously unknown level of versatility in attending to multiple food sources. These findings have major implications for understanding the formation and management of circadian spatiotemporal memories.

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Diel nectar secretion rhythm in squash (Cucurbita pepo) and its relation with pollinator activity

Cited by 29 publications

References 45 publications

Does Oeceoclades maculata (Orchidaceae) reabsorb nectar?

Does Oeceoclades maculata (Orchidaceae) reabsorb nectar?

Persistence, reticence, and the management of multiple time memories by forager honey bees

High experience levels delay recruitment but promote simultaneous time-memories in honey bee foragers

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