Dielectric and impedance study of lead-free ceramic: (Na0.5Bi0.5)ZrO3

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“…The analysis resulting from the program revealed that the material possessed orthorhombic perovskite structure. This was in agreement with the previous report 3,4 . The space group of BNZ was Pnma and its lattice parameters were a = 5.7742Å, tered at 900°C where x = 0, 2, 3, 4, and 6 wt% are shown in Fig.…”

“…Recently, Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 ZrO 3 ceramic (BNZ) was successfully fabricated 3,4 . The novel material promotes interesting dielectric properties including the diffuse phase transition at high temperature (T c ≈ 425°C).…”

Structural and electrical properties of lead-free perovskite ceramic: Ba(In1/2Nb1/2)O3

“…The values of E a are estimated respectively to be 0.97 eV and 0.47 eV 1 kHz and 1 MHz. The low value of E a may be due to the carrier transport through hopping between localized states in a disordered manner [34,35]. The high value of conductivity in BIN may be considered due to the oxygen vacancies created during the sintering process: O o → 1 2 O 2 ↑ + V •• o + 2e −1 that enhances the electrical conductivity, dielectric loss and space charge accumulation at the grain boundaries which are detrimental to the material's performance [36].…”

Dielectric, ferroelectrics properties and impedance spectroscopy analysis of the [(Na0.535K0.480)0.966Li0.058](Nb0.90Ta0.10)O3-based lead-free ceramics

“…The high NðE f Þ values suggest that the hopping between the pairs of sites dominates the mechanism of charge transport. 39 The electronic thermal conductivity accounts for the total thermal conductivity are given by 40 :…”