Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Barium Titanate

Atomic-scale origin of piezoelectricity in wurtzite ZnO

“…This strong strain-phonon coupling consequently leads to large piezoelectric coefficients. 9 According to the previous first-principles study, 17 the hybridization between Zn 3d and O 2p orbitals is the origin of the observed strain-phonon coupling, thus, of large piezoelectric coefficients in the wurtzite ZnO. In other words, the covalent-bonding interaction between Zn 3d and O 2p orbitals plays a major role in the manifestation of piezoelectricity.…”

Strain Mechanisms in Lead-Free Ferroelectrics for Actuators

“…Since the discovery of ferroelectricity in the single crystal Rochelle salt in 1921 65 and polycrystalline ceramics during the 1940's [66][67][68] , there has been a continuous succession of new materials and related technological developments. Appearance of a in ferroelectrics is a consequence of a structural change that breaks the center of symmetry of points groups.…”

“…260,261 Later on, piezoelectricity and poling revealed the applicability of BT in ceramic capacitors and electromechanical devices such as phonographic pickups. 66,67,259 BT features a = 0.30 C/m 2 , = 0.35 kV/mm, a 33 = 191 pC/N, and a = 120 °C. Recent works demonstrated that exceptionally large electromechanical properties are achievable in pure BT obtained by an engineered synthesis route and/or microstructure.…”

Thin fim barium strontium titanate capacitors for tunable RF frond-end applications

“…The understanding of the physical behavior of barium titanate ceramics started to evolve between 1940-1950 [24,99]. Thin barium titanate films have been investigated since the 1960s [100].…”

“…Since the 1940's numerous research groups worldwide have devoted research to Ba x Sr 1−x Ti 1+y O 3+z [24,32,38,40,41,48,83,[99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106]. The understanding of the physical behavior of barium titanate ceramics started to evolve between 1940-1950 [24,99].…”