Dielectric Properties of Glucose Solutions in the 0.5–67 GHz Range

Abstract

The dielectric properties of glucose solved in pure water as well as in a physiological solution have been measured. The results are considered in the context of noninvasive diabetes control. At least 0.002 percent measurement accuracy is required to achieve the same accuracy as obtained with traditional finger pricking.

Whispering-Gallery-Mode Resonator Technique With Microfluidic Channel for Permittivity Measurement of Liquids

“…Both dependencies display linear behavior as a function of glucose concentration. The obtained data are in good agreement with those obtained in [17]. The difference between values of permittivity of the glucose solutions obtained using our technique and the values from [17] do not exceed 3%.…”

“…The obtained data are in good agreement with those obtained in [17]. The difference between values of permittivity of the glucose solutions obtained using our technique and the values from [17] do not exceed 3%. If the temperature dependence of the relative permittivity of a glucose solution is taken into account, then this deviation can be neglected.…”

Radio-Frequency and Microwave Techniques for Non-Invasive Measurement of Blood Glucose Levels

“…In [32], the dielectric properties of physiological solutions and de-ionized water were measured, having seven different glucose amounts varying from 0 mol/L to 6 mol/L at 1 mol/L increments (that is, from 0 mg/dL to 108,000 mg/dL with 18,000 mg/dL increments). As noted earlier, the normal range of glucose is between 72 mg/dL and 216 mg/dL for a healthy person.…”

A Microwave Metamaterial Inspired Sensor for Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Monitoring

“…Some authors mention that the dielectric properties of some solutions reportedly mimic the dielectric properties of blood-glucose solutions, e.g. physiological saline-glucose [24] and blood plasmaglucose solutions [25,26]. In [27,28], it was shown that glucose influences the dielectric properties of blood significantly, but a mathematical model was not published.…”