Dielectric relaxation study of aqueous 2-ethoxyethanol using time domain reflectometry technique

Joshi, Y.S.; Hudge, P. G.; Kumbharkhane, A.C.

doi:10.1007/s12648-011-0176-6

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, other ECDs displayed relatively lower average absorbance of about 0.48 (dimethyl sulfoxide), 0.41 ( N , N ‐dimethylformamide), 0.17 ( N,N ‐diethylacetamide), and 0.25 (tetrahydrofuran). Normally, 2‐ethoxyethanol is also known as one of the alkoxy ethanol solvents due to the presence of oxygen (‐O‐) and hydroxyl (‐OH‐) group in the same molecule . This hydroxyl group in 2‐ethoxyethanol can provide additional protons, which moves the equilibrium state of EC dye to the lactone‐ring opening state, resulting in significantly enhanced optical characteristics .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Normally, 2-ethoxyethanol is also known as one of the alkoxy ethanol solvents due to the presence of oxygen (-O-) and hydroxyl (-OH-) group in the same molecule. [30,31] This hydroxyl group in 2-ethoxyethanol can provide additional protons, which moves the equilibrium state of EC dye to the lactone-ring opening state, resulting in significantly enhanced optical characteristics. [32] Furthermore, 2-ethoxyethanol has been widely studied in the electrochemistry field such as fuel cell or battery owing to its ion conductivity.…”

Section: Performance Decisive Components Of Ecdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High‐Performance Reflective Electrochromic Device by Integrating White Reflector and High Optical Density Electrochromic System

Park

Kim

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

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white color. To improve these optical characteristics, a wide aperture ratio and high reflection with excellent light blocking approach are highly essential.Previously, several approaches (electrophoretic, electrowetting, cholesteric liquid crystal, and electrochromic device (ECD)) have been reported as the most possible solution for reflective display applications. In particular, electrophoretic [13][14][15] and electrowetting [16][17][18] can control the intensity of reflected light by changing an area of the absorber inside the pixel. Despite paper-level readability and fast response time, their driving mechanism decreases the ACR owing to less amount of available light by limited aperture ratio. On the other hand, cholesteric liquid crystal [19][20][21] and ECD [22][23][24] can control the intensity of light via mana ging the absorbance according to the state of the transparent molecules in the complete pixel area. Although cholesteric liquid crystal has merits in terms of realizing full color and good optical control ability, it utilizes polarizer that can cause substantial optical loss. [25] Besides, only filtered light can pass through the polarizer and that consequently leads to a poor reflectivity in the white state. In contrast, ECD can easily control the reflection of light by altering the absorbance property according to the redox state of the electrochromic (EC) dye. Moreover, ECD does not require the use of a polarizer, thus, theoretically almost complete ambient light can be utilized without any optical loss. This device also possesses a high aperture ratio, high transmittance, and excellent light shutter effect. Therefore, ECD is the most favorable candidate for reflective display applications.In this paper, we demonstrate an efficient reflective ECD with a very high ACR and excellent driving stability. The fabricated reflective ECD by incorporating micro-porous titanium dioxide (TiO 2 )-based white reflector film and well-optimized EC composition revealed not only a deep black state (1.7 V) and white state (0.0 V) due to the good optical density of the EC dye but also excellent reflectivity of about 58.5% at 550 nm. Prior to the fabrication of reflective ECD, EC composition was optimized by selecting suitable proton donor, solvent, and supporting polymer to attain good coloration property, low driving voltage, and high optical density with the faster response time.This paper reports an efficient reflective electrochromic device (ECD) by integrating a highly reflective micro-porous titanium dioxide-based white reflector film and an optimized transparent to black convertible electrochromic (EC) system. This reflective ECD can reflect almost 58.5% of light in the white state and 4.7% in the dark black state at 550 nm. Similarly, it also exhibits a very high ambient contrast ratio of 38:1 under office ambient light condition and good driving stability of about 83% in the white state (0 V) and 98% in the black state (1.7 V) after 10 000 driving cycles. In addition, the EC system is optimized by select...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Performance Decisive Components Of Ecdmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance Reflective Electrochromic Device by Integrating White Reflector and High Optical Density Electrochromic System

Park

Kim

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

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“…The literature survey reveals that the dielectric properties of some alkoxyethanols have been studied in their pure form and in binary mixtures with formamide, dimethyl formamide, water etc. The dielectric relaxation studies for aqueous solutions of 2-ehtoxyethanol (EGMEE) and 2-methoxyethanol (EGMME) have also been studied but regarding EGMME-Ethanol binary system is scarce [10,11]. These studies attributed for the existence of inter and intra molecular hydrogen bonding in EGMME.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H-bonding interaction study for binary mixtures of methyl cellosolve and ethanol: a dielectric, FTIR spectroscopic and volumetric approach

Pabboj,

Lakhamawad,

Jinklor

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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The dielectric measurement of neat ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGMME), neat ethanol and their binary mixtures have been carried out using time domain technique in frequency range of 10 MHz to 50 GHz at the temperature range from 10 °C to 25 °C with a difference of 5 °C. The frequency domain technique within the frequency range of 20 Hz to 2 MHz is used to obtain complex dielectric permittivity ɛ*(ω), electrical modulus M*(ω), complex electrical conductivity σ*(ω) and loss tangent (tan δ) at 25 °C. The dielectric spectra obtained using TDR technique are fitted in Cole-Davidson model to extract the dielectric parameters such as static dielectric permittivity (εs), relaxation time (τ) and asymmetric distribution parameter (β). These relaxation parameter values are used to predict intermolecular hydrogen bonding between EGMME and ethanol molecules. Furthermore, the inter-molecular interactions through H-bonding between EGMME and ethanol molecules have been confirmed and discussed using Kirkwood correlation factor, excess permittivity, thermodynamic parameter, Bruggeman factor, excess molar volume, excess dielectric permittivity at high frequency and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra.

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“…[3][4][5][6][7] Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy has many applications in various fields [8]; it can give the significant information about liquid dynamics, charge distribution, molecular orientation and solute-solvent interaction within the solution. [9,10] The dielectric relaxation study of binary mixtures is carried out by many people [11,12]; it is very useful in understanding the solute-solvent interaction through hydrogen bonding, excess dielectric permittivity and homogeneity of mixture. Also dielectric relaxation study of binary mixtures forming homogeneous solution enables us to understand the molecular interaction between the constituent of solution and the complex molecular structure formed in the solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric relaxation studies of aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), using time-domain reflectometry

Shaikh

Kumbharkhane

2015

Physics and Chemistry of Liquids

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Using time-domain reflectometry measurement technique, the dielectric complex permittivity spectra over the frequency range 10 MHz to 30 GHz have been studied for series of various compositions, at various temperatures, for the aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200). The relaxation in these mixtures can be described by a single relaxation time using the Cole-Cole model.[1] The values of static dielectric constant, dielectric relaxation time, excess dielectric permittivity, Bruggeman factor and Kirkwood correlation factor are determined for the series of various compositions. Using above parameters, intermolecular interaction of molecules at molecular level are predicated. The negative values of excess dielectric permittivity suggest reduction in dipole moment, and the values of Kirkwood correlation factor, which are found to be greater than unity, show the parallel orientation of electric dipoles. The study confirms that the intermolecular homogeneous and heterogeneous hydrogen bonding varies significantly with the increase in the concentration of PEG200 in water.

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Dielectric relaxation study of aqueous 2-ethoxyethanol using time domain reflectometry technique

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

High‐Performance Reflective Electrochromic Device by Integrating White Reflector and High Optical Density Electrochromic System

High‐Performance Reflective Electrochromic Device by Integrating White Reflector and High Optical Density Electrochromic System

H-bonding interaction study for binary mixtures of methyl cellosolve and ethanol: a dielectric, FTIR spectroscopic and volumetric approach

Dielectric relaxation studies of aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200), using time-domain reflectometry

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