Diet and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus: beyond weight loss and exercise

Palacios, Orsolya M.; Kramer, Melvyn; Maki, Kevin C.

doi:10.1080/17446651.2019.1554430

Cited by 58 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most serious diseases affecting the population worldwide, and it is estimated that the world’s diabetic population will be 578 million in 2030 and 700 million in 2045 [ 1 ]. This epidemic has a higher rate of incidence in both developed and developing countries [ 2 – 4 ]. International guidelines such as the American Diabetes Association and the World Health Organization classify DM into four categories: Type 1 DM (T1DM), Type 2 DM (T2DM), Other Types, and Gestational Diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of resistance training and turmeric supplementation on reactive species marker stress in diabetic rats

Júnior

Aidar

Santos

et al. 2020

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and excessive generation of reactive oxygen species caused by autoimmune destruction of beta-cells in the pancreas. Among the antioxidant compounds, Curcuma longa (CL) has potential antioxidant effects and may improve hyperglycemia in uncontrolled T1DM/TD1, as well as prevent its complications (higher costs for the maintenance of health per patient, functional disability, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic damage). In addition to the use of compounds to attenuate the effects triggered by diabetes, physical exercise is also essential for glycemic control and the maintenance of skeletal muscles. Our objective is to evaluate the effects of CL supplementation associated with moderate-to high-intensity resistance training on the parameters of body weight recovery, glycemic control, reactive species markers, and tissue damage in rats with T1DM/TD1. Methods: Forty male 3-month-old Wistar rats (200-250 g) with alloxan-induced T1DM were divided into 4 groups (n = 7-10): sedentary diabetics (DC); diabetic rats that underwent a 4-week resistance training protocol (TD); CLsupplemented diabetic rats (200 mg/kg body weight, 3x a week) (SD); and supplemented diabetic rats under the same conditions as above and submitted to training (TSD). Body weight, blood glucose, and the following biochemical markers were analyzed: lipid profile, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid, creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Results: Compared to the DC group, the TD group showed body weight gain (↑7.99%, p = 0.0153) and attenuated glycemia (↓23.14%, p = 0.0008) and total cholesterol (↓31.72%, p ≤ 0.0041) associated with diminished reactive species markers in pancreatic (↓45.53%, p < 0.0001) and cardiac tissues (↓51.85%, p < 0.0001). In addition, compared to DC, TSD promoted body weight recovery (↑15.44%, p ≤ 0.0001); attenuated glycemia (↓42.40%, p ≤ 0.0001), triglycerides (↓39.96%, p ≤ 0.001), and total cholesterol (↓28.61%, p ≤ 0.05); and attenuated the reactive species markers in the serum (↓26.92%, p ≤ 0.01), pancreas (↓46.22%, p ≤ 0.0001), cardiac (↓55.33%, p ≤ 0.001), and skeletal muscle (↓42.27%, p ≤ 0.001) tissues caused by T1DM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of resistance training and turmeric supplementation on reactive species marker stress in diabetic rats

Júnior

Aidar

Santos

et al. 2020

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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“…In addition, almond consumption may reduce serum uric acid concentration (24); hyperuricemia is a risk factor for both CVD and T2D (25,26). Almonds contain monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), protein, fiber, antioxidants, and magnesium (27), all of which may contribute to the favorable metabolic effects reported in observational studies and clinical trials (28,29), particularly when displacing foods high in refined CHO. Therefore, the objective of this clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of consuming 1.5 oz of raw almonds twice daily (3.0 oz/d, 85 g/d), as a replacement for high-CHO foods, on insulin sensitivity and other markers of cardiometabolic health in overweight and obese men and women with prediabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Consuming Almonds on Insulin Sensitivity and Other Cardiometabolic Health Markers in Adults With Prediabetes

Palacios

Maki

Xiao

et al. 2019

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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Objective: This study was designed to assess the effects of replacing high-carbohydrate (CHO) foods with raw almonds on insulin sensitivity and cardiometabolic health markers in overweight or obese adults with prediabetes. Method: This randomized crossover study consisted of two 6-week dietary intervention periods, separated by a ! 4-week washout. Subjects incorporated 1.5 oz of raw almonds twice daily or isocaloric CHO-based foods into their diets, with instructions to maintain body weight. Dietary intakes as well as insulin sensitivity, CHO metabolism indices, lipoprotein lipids and particles, and inflammatory markers were assessed. Results: Thirty-three subjects (17 male, 16 female), mean age 48.3 ± 2.2 years and body mass index 30.5 ± 0.7 kg/m 2 , provided evaluable data. Compared to CHO, almonds resulted in significantly (p < 0.01) higher intakes of protein, fat (unsaturated fatty acids), fiber, and magnesium and significantly (p < 0.001) lower intakes of CHO and sugars. No differences were observed between diet conditions for changes from baseline in the insulin sensitivity index from a short intravenous glucose tolerance test or other indices of glucose homeostasis. No significant differences were observed in biomarkers of cardiovascular risk except that the CHO intervention led to a shift toward a higher concentration of cholesterol in small, dense low-density lipoprotein subfraction 3+4 (LDL3 þ 4) particles (p ¼ 0.024 vs almonds). Conclusions: Intake of 3.0 oz/d raw almonds, vs energy-matched CHO foods, improved the dietary nutrient profile, but did not significantly affect insulin sensitivity and most markers of cardiometabolic health in overweight and obese men and women with prediabetes.

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“…Fibers, belonging to the CHO group, are composed of all the macromolecules that are indigestible to gastric enzymes of the digestive system [48]. They are mainly found in food with a vegetal origin, such as fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes [49]. Thanks to the sense of satiety that they offer, fibers may provide significant effects on weight loss [49], maintenance of glycemic levels [50], insulin resistance [51], reduction of cholesterol levels [52] and many others [53].…”

Section: Nutritional Therapy and T2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are mainly found in food with a vegetal origin, such as fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes [49]. Thanks to the sense of satiety that they offer, fibers may provide significant effects on weight loss [49], maintenance of glycemic levels [50], insulin resistance [51], reduction of cholesterol levels [52] and many others [53]. GI and GL are two important factors for their capacity to influence postprandial glucose concentrations and insulin responses.…”

Section: Nutritional Therapy and T2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Therapy for Athletes with Diabetes

Cannata

Vadalà

Ambrosio

et al. 2020

JFMK

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Diabetes is a worldwide disease also affecting the sports field. The two main forms of diabetes, namely type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), differ in both their pathological and pharmacological characteristics and thus require a distinct nutritional treatment. Diet plays an important role in the management of athletes with diabetes and is crucial to achieving their best performance. This review aims to investigate the objectives of nutritional therapy before, during and after training, in order to improve the best composition of macronutrients during meals. In this review, we provide a brief overview of recent studies about nutritional approaches to people with diabetes for performance optimization and for the control of diabetes-related complications. Thereafter, we discuss the differences between macronutrients and dietary intake before, during and after training. It can be concluded that each sport has particular characteristics in terms of endurance and power, hence demanding a specific energy expenditure and consequent nutritional adjustments. Therefore, the management of athletes with diabetes must be personalized and supported by medical professionals, including a diabetologist, physiologist and a nutritionist.

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Diet and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus: beyond weight loss and exercise

Cited by 58 publications

References 104 publications

Effects of resistance training and turmeric supplementation on reactive species marker stress in diabetic rats

Effects of resistance training and turmeric supplementation on reactive species marker stress in diabetic rats

Effects of Consuming Almonds on Insulin Sensitivity and Other Cardiometabolic Health Markers in Adults With Prediabetes

Nutritional Therapy for Athletes with Diabetes

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