Diet and toxicity of chemicals☆

Rogers, Adrianne E.

doi:10.1016/0955-2863(91)90023-x

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Lipotropes have important functions in health and disease and the literature is centered around hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity [42], [43]. As the liver is the principal organ for detoxification of endosulfan in fish [44] and pesticides also damage cellular membranes (composed of phospholipids), we used lipotropes for potentiating the detoxification capacity of fish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physiological methods and concepts can be useful in conservation biology [39] , and the link between diet quantity or quality [40] and the state of fasting and feeding and concentration of dietary macronutrients like dietary protein and lipid [41] and to some extent micronutrients has been studied, but the role of many other micronutrients in facilitating detoxification is not well delineated. Lipotropes have important functions in health and disease and the literature is centered around hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity [42] , [43] . As the liver is the principal organ for detoxification of endosulfan in fish [44] and pesticides also damage cellular membranes (composed of phospholipids), we used lipotropes for potentiating the detoxification capacity of fish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lipotropes Protect against Pathogen-Aggravated Stress and Mortality in Low Dose Pesticide-Exposed Fish

Kumar

Gupta²,

Chandan³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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The decline of freshwater fish biodiversity corroborates the trends of unsustainable pesticide usage and increase of disease incidence in the last few decades. Little is known about the role of nonlethal exposure to pesticide, which is not uncommon, and concurrent infection of opportunistic pathogens in species decline. Moreover, preventative measures based on current knowledge of stress biology and an emerging role for epigenetic (especially methylation) dysregulation in toxicity in fish are lacking. We herein report the protective role of lipotropes/methyl donors (like choline, betaine and lecithin) in eliciting primary (endocrine), secondary (cellular and hemato-immunological and histoarchitectural changes) and tertiary (whole animal) stress responses including mortality (50%) in pesticide-exposed (nonlethal dose) and pathogen-challenged fish. The relative survival with betaine and lecithin was 10 and 20 percent higher. This proof of cause-and-effect relation and physiological basis under simulated controlled conditions indicate that sustained stress even due to nonlethal exposure to single pollutant enhances pathogenic infectivity in already nutritionally-stressed fish, which may be a driver for freshwater aquatic species decline in nature. Dietary lipotropes can be used as one of the tools in resurrecting the aquatic species decline.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipotropes Protect against Pathogen-Aggravated Stress and Mortality in Low Dose Pesticide-Exposed Fish

Kumar

Gupta²,

Chandan³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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“…These processes, that occur mainly at the liver, include structural modifications of synthetic antioxidants through the microsomal oxygenase pathway to inactivate them (phase I metabolism); the GSH conjugation pathways in which the tripeptide reacts with antioxidant metabolites at electrophilic sites; and the glucuronide or sulfate conjugation pathways that produce more highly soluble excretory products (phase II metabolism) (Rogers, 1991). These chemical modifications produce water-soluble conjugated metabolites that can be excreted via the urine.…”

Section: Nutritional Prevention Of Oxidative Stress: the Role Of Funcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural antioxidants in functional foods: from food safety to health benefits

B¹,

Sanhueza²,

Nieto³

2003

Grasas y Aceites

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RESUMENAntioxidantes naturales en alimentos funcionales: de la seguridad alimentaria a los beneficios en la salud.El oxígeno es un metabolito esencial para la vida. Sin embargo puede ser altamente dañino para el organismo y para los alimentos que consumimos si su actividad no es controlada. Uno de los efectos mas deteriorativos del oxígeno es la oxidación de los lípidos o rancidez oxidativa. Este es un proceso que en los alimentos es iniciado por las llamadas especies reactivas del oxíge-no (ROS), las que también se pueden formar en los organismos vivos como consecuencia de la actividad metabólica de estos, con efectos graves para estos organismos. Ciertos procesos metabólicos requieren de la participación de los ROS, por lo cual el control de la formación y destrucción de los ROS es de gran importancia. El estrés oxidativo se define como un desequilibrio en el balance entre la formación y destrucción de los ROS, y es en este proceso donde los antioxidantes, sintéticos o naturales, tienen una función protectora importante. Los antioxidantes sintéti-cos son ampliamente utilizados en la industria de los alimentos. Sin embargo existe preocupación respecto de su seguridad, lo cual ha dirigido el interés hacia los antioxidantes naturales ya que estos se consideran mas seguros. Antioxidantes naturales como los tocoferoles, el ácido ascórbico, el extracto de rosemary, el licopeno y algunos flavonoides, están en la actualidad disponibles para ser adicionados a los alimentos en reemplazo de los antioxidantes sintéticos. Los antioxidantes naturales pueden, además, reforzar la actividad de los sistemas antioxidantes endógenos aportando una protección extra para el estrés oxidativo. Los alimentos adicionados de antioxidantes naturales pueden ser considerados como alimentos funcionales ya que proveerían de una mejor condición de salud al consumidor.

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Considerations in the design of studies of dietary influences on mammary carcinogenesis in rats and mice

Rogers

1997

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Design of diets for the study of dietary influences in mammary gland carcinogenesis requires attention to several questions: (1) Do the diets satisfy the nutritional needs of the animal under the conditions of the experiment, and are they palatable? (2) Does the protocol include determination of feed intake (if indicated) and of achievement of the desired level of nutrient deficiency, adequacy, or excess? (3) Are there potentially confounding nutrient interactions or nutrient effects or physiological or pathological responses that must be considered? The particular sensitivity of mammary gland tumorigenesis to intake of fat and calories and to body weight gain must be considered and controlled for in all experiments.

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Diet and toxicity of chemicals☆

Cited by 7 publications

References 122 publications

Lipotropes Protect against Pathogen-Aggravated Stress and Mortality in Low Dose Pesticide-Exposed Fish

Lipotropes Protect against Pathogen-Aggravated Stress and Mortality in Low Dose Pesticide-Exposed Fish

Natural antioxidants in functional foods: from food safety to health benefits

Considerations in the design of studies of dietary influences on mammary carcinogenesis in rats and mice

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