Diet quality in adults with cerebral palsy: a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease prevention

Brown, Meagan C; Marciniak, Christina; Garrett, Ariane; Gaebler-Spira, Deborah

doi:10.1111/dmcn.14913

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…9 Overweight and obesity could be risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adults with CP. 28 We found that overweight and obesity were more common in adults in EDACS levels I and II compared to adults in EDACS levels III to V. The mean BMI of 24 for the whole cohort was substantially lower than the BMI of 29.1 reported for adults with CP in the US. 29 Even so, the risk of cardiovascular disease is substantially higher in adults with CP compared to the general population and needs to be considered.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Eating and drinking ability and nutritional status in adults with cerebral palsy

McAllister

Sjöstrand

Rodby‐Bousquet

2022

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Aim: To describe eating and drinking ability in adults with cerebral palsy (CP) relative to sex, age, subtype, and severity of gross motor and hand function and nutritional status.Method: This was a cross-sectional study based on data of 2035 adults with CP, median age 26 years (range 18-78 years). The Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS), Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) were used in addition to subtype, body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), skin fold thickness, and gastrostomy. Linear regression models were used to estimate associations between body weight and the other variables.Results: More than half of the adults (52.5%) eat and drink safely and 32.4% have dysphagia with limitations to eating and drinking safety. Weight, height, and BMI decreased with increasing EDACS levels. In EDACS level V, 86% had a gastrostomy, 23.4% in EDACS levels III to V were underweight, whereas 42.3% in EDACS levels I to II had a BMI over 25, indicating overweight or obesity. Increasing EDACS levels and need of support during meals were associated with lower body weight.Interpretation: Adults with CP should be routinely screened and treated for dysphagia to avoid nutritional complications. Being dependent on others during mealtimes is a risk factor for low body weight.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 52%

Eating and drinking ability and nutritional status in adults with cerebral palsy

McAllister

Sjöstrand

Rodby‐Bousquet

2022

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…Low WG intake is probably one of the most important but easiest-to-be-ignored factors. With the literature review, we found more and more researchers have noticed the impact of WGs on CVD and the association between CVD and WG intake [ 13 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. However, few studies have focused on a comprehensive analysis of the long-term trend of CVD mortality attributable to low WG intake in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A newly published prospective study based on a long-running birth cohort study in Australia also concluded the same result [ 22 ]. Active ingredients in whole grains, such as dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, lingams, phytosterols, etc., can affect cardiovascular health through the metabolism of sugar, blood lipids, lipoproteins, and vascular endothelial function [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Attributable to Low Whole-Grain Intake in CHINA: An Age-Period-Cohort and Joinpoint Analysis

Chen

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Low whole-grain intake is found to be one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease development and progression. In this study, we focused on exploring the long-term trends of low whole-grain intake attributed to cardiovascular disease mortality in China during 1990–2019 and relative gender differences. Study data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. We used the age-period-cohort model to estimate the adjusted effect of age, period, and cohorts. Annual and average annual percentage changes were estimated by joinpoint regression analysis. We observed an increasing trend with a net drift of 1.208% for males and 0.483% for males per year. The longitudinal age curve suggested that the attributed rate increased for both genders. Period and cohort effects all suggested that the risk for males showed an increased trend that was higher than that of females. Our findings suggest that males and senior-aged people were at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease mortality attributed to low whole-grain intake. Effective strategies are needed to enhance people’s health consciousness, and increasing whole-grain intake may achieve a better preventive effect for cardiovascular disease.

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“…Participants were recruited to participate in a study evaluating activity levels, nutrition, and the impact of these factors on the health of adolescents and adults with CP. This population has been described previously 31‐33 . Data for the current project are from a subset of the measures obtained in the parent study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This population has been described previously. [31][32][33] Data for the current project are from a subset of the measures obtained in the parent study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of anthropometric measurements and percent body fat mass to cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults with cerebral palsy

Kivlehan

Gaebler‐Spira

Chen

et al. 2022

PM&R

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Introduction: Adults with cerebral palsy (CP) face high morbidity from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Of concern, classic screening parameters are inconsistent in identifying CVD risk in this population. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), which provides direct measurements of fat mass (FM), may be an alternative screening method. Objective: To evaluate whether FM measurement with DEXA is feasible in screening adults with CP and compare FM and anthropometric measures to CVD risk factors. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Outpatient rehabilitation hospital. Participants: Forty-seven adults with CP. Main Outcome Measures: Weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference (HC) were measured; waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Blood pressure (BP), FM by DEXA, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and lipid measurements were obtained. Logistic regression models investigated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between anthropometric measurements/FM and CVD risk factors; correlations were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Elevated BP or hypertension diagnosis was present in 47.8%; HbA1c ≥5.7% in 22.2%; and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level below optimal for 33.3%. DEXA FM was obtained in 29 of 47 participants, as surgical metal and positioning limited many studies. Excess FM was noted in 75.9% versus 41.3% overweight/obese by BMI. WC correlated with HbA1c (r = 0.46, p = .002), HDL (r = À0.36, p = .018), and triglyceride (TG) levels (r = 0.30, p = .045); however at-risk WC values were associated only with odds of elevated HbA1c (OR 8.53, 95% CI 1.46-50.05; p = .018). HC correlated with HbA1c levels (r = 0.38, p = .011) and systolic BPs (r = 0.35, p = .019); similarly, ORs for elevated HC were weakly associated with elevated HbA1c and BPs (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.16; p = .024 and OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.14; p = .024, respectively). WHR correlated with TGs; however few TG levels were elevated. FM measures were not associated with at-risk lab values or BPs. Conclusions: DEXA FM measurements may not be feasible for CVD screening in many adults with CP. Although CVD risk factors are frequently present, anthropometric measurements commonly used for general population screening may not translate well to adults with CP.

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Diet quality in adults with cerebral palsy: a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease prevention

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Eating and drinking ability and nutritional status in adults with cerebral palsy

Eating and drinking ability and nutritional status in adults with cerebral palsy

Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Attributable to Low Whole-Grain Intake in CHINA: An Age-Period-Cohort and Joinpoint Analysis

Relationship of anthropometric measurements and percent body fat mass to cardiovascular disease risk factors in adults with cerebral palsy

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