Dietary 23–hydroxy ursolic acid protects against atherosclerosis and obesity by preventing dyslipidemia-induced monocyte priming and dysfunction

Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) is a medicinal plant native to the Mediterranean region and cultivated around the world. Besides the therapeutic purpose, it is commonly used as a condiment and food preservative. R. officinalis L. is constituted by bioactive molecules, the phytocompounds, responsible for implement several pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antitumor and protective, inhibitory and attenuating activities. Thus, in vivo and in vitro studies were presented in this Review, approaching the therapeutic and prophylactic effects of R. officinalis L. on some physiological disorders caused by biochemical, chemical or biological agents. In this way, methodology, mechanisms, results, and conclusions were described. The main objective of this study was showing that plant products could be equivalent to the available medicines.

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“…Protective effect against diabetic nephropathy[201]h. Reducer of weight gain and atherosclerosis[202]Alpha-pinenea. Antibacterial[203]b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) as therapeutic and prophylactic agent

2019

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“…In addition to the pharmacokinetics of UA, several groups have studied the compounds’ toxicity as well as that of many of its naturally occurring analogues. Our group demonstrated in human THP-1 cells that at concentrations below 30 μM, UA and ten of its naturally occurring analogues did not exhibit any significant toxicity [ 19 ]. Using a brine shrimp bioassay, Somova et al showed that UA had no toxic effects on mice when they administered UA for 5 days at 60 mg/kg of body weight [ 20 ].…”

Section: Bioavailability and Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ursolic Acid and Related Analogues: Triterpenoids with Broad Health Benefits

et al. 2021

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Ursolic acid (UA) is a well-studied natural pentacyclic triterpenoid found in herbs, fruit and a number of traditional Chinese medicinal plants. UA has a broad range of biological activities and numerous potential health benefits. In this review, we summarize the current data on the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of UA and review the literature on the biological activities of UA and its closest analogues in the context of inflammation, metabolic diseases, including liver and kidney diseases, obesity and diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders. We end with a brief overview of UA’s main analogues with a special focus on a newly discovered naturally occurring analogue with intriguing biological properties and potential health benefits, 23-hydroxy ursolic acid.

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“…Ursolic acid (UA; 3β‐hydroxy‐urs‐12‐en‐28‐oic acid; Figure 1) is a pentacyclic triterpene consisting of C‐28 carboxylic acid and C‐3 hydroxyl groups are commonly found in fruits, spices, and herbs such as apple, thyme, cranberries, Sambucus nigra leaves and bark, the leaves and flowers of hawthorn, and coffee leaves (Hussain et al., 2017). UA has been reported for its medicinal properties which include anticancer (Kassi et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2016), anti‐hyperglycemia (Wu et al., 2014), and anti‐obesogenic activities (Nguyen et al., 2018). Its neuroprotective effect has been demonstrated by its ability to modulate nrf2 pathway in cerebral ischemia in mice (Li et al., 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%