Dietary Calcium Intake in Lactose Maldigesting Intolerant and Tolerant African-American Women

Buchowski, Maciej S.; Semenya, J G; Johnson, Austin

doi:10.1080/07315724.2002.10719193

Cited by 80 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…The first indication of an inverse relation between calcium intake and body weight came from research by McCarron et al in 1984 (1). Since then, this inverse relation between calcium intake and body composition or body weight has been observed in a large variety of populations (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). In a few other studies, however, no effects were found (9)(10)(11), while, in three studies, a gender-specific effect for an altered calcium intake was observed (12)(13)(14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 77%

The Relation between Calcium Intake and Body Composition in a Dutch Population

Boon¹,

Koppes²,

Saris³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Epidemiology

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To investigate whether dietary calcium intake is related to body mass index and the sum of four skinfolds among subjects in the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study (the Netherlands), the authors followed a cohort of men and women from age 13 years in 1977 to age 36 years in 2000. Longitudinal linear regression analyses were performed with generalized estimating equations in continuous and categorical models, with adjustment for possible confounders. Results showed that calcium intake during adolescence is a weak predictor of calcium intake in adulthood. In this population, only a slight indication was found of a weak inverse relation of calcium intake with body composition. No differences were observed between the middle (800-1,200 mg/day) and high (>1,200 mg/day) groups of calcium intake, suggesting a threshold of approximately 800 mg/day above which calcium intake has no additional beneficial effect on body composition. body composition; calcium, dietary; obesity; skinfold thickness Abbreviations: AGAHLS, Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study; BMI, body mass index; S4S, sum of four skinfolds.The prevalence of obesity has increased markedly during the past two decades, making obesity an important risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes, various types of cancer, and cardiovascular complications. The first indication of an inverse relation between calcium intake and body weight came from research by McCarron et al. in 1984 (1). Since then, this inverse relation between calcium intake and body composition or body weight has been observed in a large variety of populations (2-8). In a few other studies, however, no effects were found (9-11), while, in three studies, a gender-specific effect for an altered calcium intake was observed (12-14).One possible mechanism for the relation between calcium intake and body weight has been suggested by various authors: in cell cultures of human adipocytes, increasing 1,25-OH 2 -D 3 (calcitriol) levels can increase lipogenesis, decrease lipolysis, and increase messenger RNA expression of a number of fat-metabolism-related genes by stimulating calcium influx (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). The concentration of calcitriol increases when calcium intake is decreased (21). However, since most of the investigations studying the association of calcium intake and energy with substrate metabolism on the whole-body level were performed in humans or rodents during energy restriction (6,11,(22)(23)(24), it is not clear whether it is possible to translate the results of these investigations to humans under free-living conditions.Another mechanism that could explain the relation between calcium intake and body weight is fat binding in the gut. Increasing dietary calcium intake increases the calcium concentration in the intestine, which in turn induces formation of insoluble fatty acid and bile acid soaps that are excreted through the feces, thus decreasing the amount of dietary fat available for oxidation and/or storage. In randomized clinical trials, increasing dietar...

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confidence: 77%

The Relation between Calcium Intake and Body Composition in a Dutch Population

Boon¹,

Koppes²,

Saris³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Epidemiology

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“…11 Further, the significant increase in circulating These data add to a growing body of observational and clinical observations that support a role for dietary calcium and dairy foods in controlling excess adiposity. Indeed, a number of recent observational studies have noted an inverse relationship between dietary and/or dairy intake and body fat in both younger and older women, [19][20][21] AfricanAmerican women, 21 and children. [22][23][24] Evaluating the effects of intact food products, rather than supplements or pharmacological compounds, presents a unique set of problems in clinical trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dairy augmentation of total and central fat loss in obese subjects

Mathis²,

et al. 2005

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:We have previously demonstrated an antiobesity effect of dietary Ca; this is largely mediated by Ca suppression of calcitriol levels, resulting in reduced adipocyte intracellular Ca 2 þ and, consequently, a coordinated increase in lipid utilization and decrease in lipogenesis. Notably, dairy Ca is markedly more effective than other Ca sources. DESIGN: Obese subjects were placed on balanced deficit (À500 kcal/day) diets and randomized to control (400-500 mg Ca/ day; n ¼ 16) or yogurt (1100 mg Ca/day; n ¼ 18) treatments for 12 weeks. Dietary macronutrients and fiber were held constant at the US average. MEASUREMENTS: Body weight, body fat and fat distribution (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), blood pressure and circulating lipids were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention. RESULTS: Fat loss was markedly increased on the yogurt diet (À4.4370.47 vs À2.7570.73 kg in yogurt and control groups; Po0.005) while lean tissue loss was reduced by 31% on the yogurt diet. Trunk fat loss was augmented by 81% on the yogurt vs control diet (Po0.001), and this was reflected in a markedly greater reduction in waist circumference (À3.9970.48 vs À0.5871.04 cm, Po0.001). Further, the fraction of fat lost from the trunk was higher on the yogurt diet vs control (Po0.005). CONCLUSION: Isocaloric substitution of yogurt for other foods significantly augments fat loss and reduces central adiposity during energy restriction.

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“…A variety of studies demonstrate that higher intakes of calcium or dairy products, the predominant dietary source of calcium in the US, are associated with weight loss, with some showing specificity to fat mass loss. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] For example, we conducted a secondary analysis of data collected in our laboratory during a 2-year exercise intervention trial in 54 young, healthy women. 16 Results indicated that calcium intake, adjusted for calories, was negatively associated with changes in body weight and fat mass in women whose energy intakes were at or below the overall group mean of 1876 kcal/day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathyroid hormone is associated with decreased fat mass in young healthy women

et al. 2005

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Objective: To investigate the relationship of parathyroid hormone (PTH) with dietary calcium and changes in body composition. Design: Cross-sectional and 1-year longitudinal trial. Subjects: Normal-weight young women (age: 18-31), 155 subjects analyzed at baseline, and data for 41 subjects analyzed prospectively between baseline and 12 months. Measurements: Levels of fasting serum calcium and PTH, intakes of calcium (3-day diet records), and total body weight and body composition (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry). Results: Baseline dietary calcium, regardless of whether unadjusted or adjusted for energy intake, did not predict baseline levels of fasting serum PTH. Change in dietary calcium also did not predict change in serum PTH. However, log PTH was significantly correlated with body fat mass (R ¼ 0.27), but not lean mass at baseline (n ¼ 155), independent of serum calcium (corrected R ¼ 0.25). Further, 12-month changes (n ¼ 41) in log PTH positively predicted the 12-month change in body weight (R ¼ 0.32) and body fat (R ¼ 0.32), but not lean mass even when controlled for age or change in serum calcium. Conclusion: Fasting serum PTH was associated with increased fat mass, in both cross-sectional and prospective analysis. Thus, serum PTH may play a role in the regulation of body fat mass in young women.

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Dietary Calcium Intake in Lactose Maldigesting Intolerant and Tolerant African-American Women

Abstract: In African American premenopausal women, lactose tolerance facilitates the dietary intake of calcium when compared with their lactose intolerant counterparts. Low calcium intake is associated with higher BMI.

Cited by 80 publications

References 38 publications

The Relation between Calcium Intake and Body Composition in a Dutch Population

The Relation between Calcium Intake and Body Composition in a Dutch Population

Dairy augmentation of total and central fat loss in obese subjects

Parathyroid hormone is associated with decreased fat mass in young healthy women

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