Dietary Exposure to Lead and Cadmium in Sweden

Slorach, S. A.; Jorhem, Lars; Becker, Wulf

doi:10.1080/09542299.1991.11083148

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In this physically active population group with a food intake between the 75th and 90th percentile compared with the general Swedish population (SLV 1994), the intake of Cd was 1.4-2.0 times higher than previously reported for mixed diets in Sweden (Becker and Kumpulainen 1991;Slorach et al 1991;Vahter et al 1990). There may be some overestimation of Cd intake in this study, as older data on Cd levels were used for about half of the food items, with possibly higher Cd levels than the present ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Cadmium in blood and urine--impact of sex, age, dietary intake, iron status, and former smoking--association of renal effects.

Olsson

Bensryd

Lundh

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

369

188

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We studied determinants of cadmium status and kidney function in nonsmoking men and women living on farms in southern Sweden. Median blood Cd (BCd) was 1.8 nmol/L (range, 0.38-18) and median urinary Cd (UCd) was 0.23 nmol/mmol creatinine (range, 0.065-0.99). The intake of Cd per kilogram body weight did not significantly differ between sexes and did not correlate with BCd or UCd, which may be explained by a low and varying bioavailibility of Cd from food items. However, when a subgroup of the study population, couples of never-smoking men and women, were compared, a lower intake per kilogram body weight was found in the women, but the women had a 1.8 times higher BCd and a 1.4 times higher UCd. The higher female BCd and UCd may be explained by higher absorption due to low iron status. BCd and UCd both increased with age and were higher in the ex-smokers, who had stopped smoking more than 5 years before the study, compared to never-smokers. The contribution of locally produced food to the total Cd intake was relatively low and varied. Males living in areas with low soil Cd had lower UCd than the others. However, Cd levels in kidneys from pigs, fed locally produced cereals, did not predict BCd or UCd in humans at the same farms. The kidney function parameter ss2-microglobulin-creatinine clearance was related to UCd, whereas urinary protein-HC, N-acetyl-ss-glucoseaminidase or albumin-creatinine clearance was not when age was accounted for. Hence, even at the low exposure levels in this study population, there was an indication of effect on biochemical markers of renal function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Cadmium in blood and urine--impact of sex, age, dietary intake, iron status, and former smoking--association of renal effects.

Olsson

Bensryd

Lundh

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

369

188

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“…Daily dietary lead intake, were 26 μg/day in Sweden (Slorach et al, 1991), 66 μg/day in Finland (Varo and Kovistoinen, 1980), and 23 μg/day for a 2-year-old in the USA (Gundarson, 1988). Estimates obtained from diet studies are in the same range and include a mean dietary intake for all food and drink of about 40 μg/day for mothers and 30 μg/day for children aged 5-7 years in England (Strehlow and Barltrop, 1987) and 53.8 μg/day (0.8 μg/kg of body weight per day) for the intake of lead from food for adolescents and adults in Canada (Dabeka et al, 1987).…”

Section: Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Exposure and Environmental Health

Patočka¹,

Kuča²

2016

MMSL

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SummaryLead (Pb), which is widely used in industry, is a common element found in low concentrations in the Earth's crust. Lead has been used since prehistoric times. As a highly toxic heavy metal, the pollution and exposure risks of lead are of widespread concern for human health. This environmental contaminant causing irreversible health effects mainly in children. Especially children under the age of six are most at risk for lead poisoning. Lead toxicity causes hematological, gastrointestinal, and neurological dysfunction. Symptoms are usually noted with blood lead greater than 2 μmol/litre. Severe or prolonged exposure may also cause chronic nephropathy, hypertension, and reproductive impairment. Lead inhibits some enzymes, alters cellular calcium metabolism, stimulates synthesis of binding proteins in kidney, brain, and bone, and slows down nerve conduction. The emission sources and pathological effects of lead are discussed.

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Total Diet Studies—Examples from Sweden

Becker

2000

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

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Dietary Exposure to Lead and Cadmium in Sweden

Abstract: A duplicate diet study on male and female pensioners in 197D-71

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Cadmium in blood and urine--impact of sex, age, dietary intake, iron status, and former smoking--association of renal effects.

Cadmium in blood and urine--impact of sex, age, dietary intake, iron status, and former smoking--association of renal effects.

Lead Exposure and Environmental Health

Total Diet Studies—Examples from Sweden

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