Dietary fatty acids applied to pig production and their relation to the biological processes: A review

Fanalli, Simara Larissa; Silva, B.P.M. da; Petry, Bruna; Santana, Miguel Henrique de Almeida; Polizel, G.H.G.; Antunes, R.C.; Almeida, Vivian Vezzoni de; Moreira, Gabriel Costa Monteiro; Filho, Albino Luchiari; Coutinho, Luiz Lehmann; Balieiro, J. CC; Reecy, James M.; Koltes, James E.; Koltes, Dawn; Cesar, Aline Silva Mello

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2022.105092

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…The energy values of lipids are much higher than those of grain, which can provide concentrated energy and essential fatty acids for mammals [1], slow the rate of feed through the digestive tract and give animals more time to digest and absorb other nutrients [2]. Soybean is a globally important oil crop, and soybean oil is considered an excellent source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as linoleic acid (LA, C18:2 n-6), alpha-linoleic acid (ALA, C18:3 n-3), and oleic acid (OA, C18:1 n-9), which participate in lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, and cholesterol synthesis [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effects of resveratrol (RES) supplementation on nutrient apparent digestibility in oxidized soybean oil (OSO)-challenged weaned piglets1 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 All of the values are expressed as the means and pooled SEM, n = 7, means without a common superscript letter differ (P < 0.05)2 DM Dry matter, CP Crude protein, EE Ether extract, GE Gross energy, CF Crude fiber…”

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Resveratrol alleviates oxidative stress induced by oxidized soybean oil and improves gut function via changing gut microbiota in weaned piglets

Gao

Meng

Qin

et al. 2023

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background Oxidized soybean oil (OSO) has been shown to impair growth and exacerbate inflammation, leading to intestinal barrier injury in animals. Recent evidence suggests important roles for resveratrol (RES) in the promoting growth performance, antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory, and regulate intestinal barriers in animals. Therefore, The objectives of this study are to investigate the effects of dietary RES (purity 98%) supplementation on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, inflammatory state, and intestinal function of weaned piglets challenged with OSO. Methods A total of 28 castrated weaned male piglets with a similar body weight of 10.19 ± 0.10 kg were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments for 28-d feeding trial with 7 replications per treatment and 1 piglet per replicate. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial with oil type [3% fresh soybean oil (FSO) vs. 3% OSO] and dietary RES (0 vs. 300 mg/kg). Results The results showed that relative to the FSO group, OSO stress tended to decrease the average daily feed intake (ADFI), and decreased the activity levels of lipase, villus/crypt ratio (VCR), the mRNA expression of FABP1, SOD2, IL-10 and ZO-1 in the jejunum, and SOD2, GPX1, occludin and ZO-1 in the colon, the levels of acetic acid in the colonic digesta, whereas up-regulated the mRNA expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary supplementation with RES increased ether extract (EE), the activity levels of sucrase, lipase, α-amylase, villus height (VH) and VCR, the mRNA expression of FABP1, SOD2, IL-10 and occludin in the jejunum, and FABP1, PPAR-γ, GPX1, occludin and ZO-1 in the colon, and the abundance of Firmicutes, acetic and propionic acid, but decreased the levels of D-lactic acid in the plasma, the abundance of Bacteroidetes in the colonic digesta of weaned piglets compared to the non-RES group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, in the interaction effect analysis, relative to the OSO group, dietary RES supplementation in the diets supplemented with OSO increased the activity levels of trypsin, VH in the jejunum, the abundance of Actinobacteria, the levels of butyric acid of weaned piglets, but failed to influence the activity levels of trypsin and VH, Actinobacteria abundance, the levels of butyric acid when diets were supplemented with FSO (interaction, P < 0.05). Relative to the OSO group, dietary RES supplementation in the diets supplemented with OSO decreased the activity levels of DAO in the plasma of weaned piglets but failed to influence the activity levels of DAO when diets were supplemented with FSO (interaction, P < 0.05). Relative to the FSO group, dietary RES supplementation in the diets supplemented with FSO decreased the level of propionic acid, whereas RES supplementation failed to influence the level of propionic acid when the diet was supplemented with OSO (interaction, P < 0.01). Conclusions Inclusion of OSO intensified inflammatory states and impaired the intestinal health characteristics of weaned piglets. Dietary RES supplementation improved the antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory activity, and intestinal morphology. Further studies showed that the protective effects of RES on gut health could be linked to the decreased abundance of Prevotella_1, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_6, and Prevotellaceae_UCG003 and increased levels of acetic and propionic acid.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effects of resveratrol (RES) supplementation on nutrient apparent digestibility in oxidized soybean oil (OSO)-challenged weaned piglets1 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resveratrol alleviates oxidative stress induced by oxidized soybean oil and improves gut function via changing gut microbiota in weaned piglets

Gao

Meng

Qin

et al. 2023

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…Fatty acids as feed additives are responsible for numerous functions. They increase pig productivity by improving the quality of intramuscular fat in pig fattening; the availability of fatty acids can influence tissue composition and exert effects on metabolism, providing adequate energy concentrations in feed, which further prevents excessive weight loss in sows due to lactation The addition of fat to feed increases its cost, but the expenses incurred are balanced by lower consumption, higher daily gains and shorter fattening times [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. By deliberately supplementing feed mixtures with additives rich in PUFAs, it is possible to obtain raw meat and fat with functional food characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Supplementation with Linseed Oil Ethyl Esters Improves Sexual Behavior and Chosen Seminal Parameters in Porcine Species

Zwyrzykowska-Wodzińska

Bielas

Niżański

et al. 2023

Animals

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Numerous studies have shown that improvements in the sperm and semen quality of males of many species can be achieved with appropriate dietary supplements added to feed or fodder. Particularly promising seems to be the inclusion of omega polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diets of males. Among other things, it has been shown that linseed oil ethyl esters (EELO can be an excellent source of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in animal diets. These compounds are more durable and resistant to oxidation, epoxidation and resinification processes, and do not exhibit toxic properties in living organisms. At present, there is a lack of data in the literature on the enrichment of boar diets with EELO. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of the addition of EELO to boar diets on the properties of sperm in fresh semen. The study was conducted during the summer on semen collected from 12 boars of the line 990. Linseed oil ethyl esters were administered in each feeding at a rate of 3.0% (45 mL each) in basal diets for each boar on a daily basis for 16 weeks. Ejaculates were collected manually by the gloved-hand technique, at one-week intervals for eight-week periods, from the eighth week onwards after the start of feeding. Eight ejaculates were collected from each boar, totaling 96 samples. The addition of EELO to the diets of boars caused an increase in sperm viability (p < 0.001), semen volume (310 mL versus 216 mL, p < 0.001) and sperm concentration (331 versus 216 million per mL, p < 0.001). Furthermore, in the experimental animals, there was a decrease in the percentage of spermatozoa exhibiting DNA fragmentation. The experimental boars also showed an increase in the percentage of gametes without apoptosis and capacitation and an increase in the percentage of viable spermatozoa not showing lipid peroxidation membranes. Consequently, EELO nutritional supplementation resulted in the improved quality of the fresh semen of boars.

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“…Rich sources of n-3 PUFAs include vegetable oils, e.g. hemp or rapeseed oil, animal oils, such as fish oil, and flaxseed or flaxseed oil [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of thyme herb in diets for fattening pigs on their growth performance and health

Czech,

Klimiuk,

Sembratowicz

2023

PLoS ONE

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To enrich pork with valuable n-3 PUFA, it is common practice to include flaxseeds in the swine diet. However, due to the high susceptibility of these acids to oxidation, this treatment requires an additional supply of antioxidants. Thyme herb can be used for this purpose, which in addition to high antioxidant activity is characterized by numerous health-promoting properties. The present study aimed at evaluating the impact of the inclusion of 1% and 3% of thyme herb in mixtures with 4% of extruded flaxseeds as a source of n-3 PUFA on the performance results and health status of fatteners. The experiment was carried out on 120 weaners with an initial body weight of about 30 kg and kept until the end of fattening. They were divided into three experimental groups of 40 animals each (5 pens with 8 pigs in each). The control group (C) consisted of pigs receiving a base mixture with 4% of extruded flaxseeds. In the experimental groups, an additional 1% (T1) or 3% (T3) of thyme herb was added to the mixture. By supplementing the diet with 3% of thyme, an increase in average daily weight gain (P = 0.001) and a better feed conversion ratio (P < 0.001) were obtained. This could be the result of an improvement in the small intestine histology (greater villus height–P < 0.001) and better digestibility of basic nutrients (especially crude protein–P < 0.05) found in experimental animals. In addition to these effects, thyme herb supplementation contributed to the stimulation of immune mechanisms (increase in the number of WBC–P ≤ 0.05; plasma IgA ‐ P < 0.05 and IgG–P < 0.005, and the level of lysozyme–P < 0.05). The obtained results indicate the advisability of the use of thyme as a feed additive beneficially influencing the health and performance results in pigs. The obtained results indicate the advisability of the use of thyme as a feed additive beneficially influencing the health and performance results in pigs.

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Dietary fatty acids applied to pig production and their relation to the biological processes: A review

Cited by 11 publications

References 108 publications

Resveratrol alleviates oxidative stress induced by oxidized soybean oil and improves gut function via changing gut microbiota in weaned piglets

Resveratrol alleviates oxidative stress induced by oxidized soybean oil and improves gut function via changing gut microbiota in weaned piglets

Dietary Supplementation with Linseed Oil Ethyl Esters Improves Sexual Behavior and Chosen Seminal Parameters in Porcine Species

The effect of thyme herb in diets for fattening pigs on their growth performance and health

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