Dietary gangliosides increase the content and molecular percentage of ether phospholipids containing 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 in weanling rat intestine

Park, Eek J.; Suh, Miyoung; Thomson, A. B. R.; Ramanujam, Kalathur S.; Clandinin, Michael T.

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2005.08.005

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Gangliosides may also modify the brush border membrane of the GI tract. For instance, when dietary bovine gangliosides were provided to weanling rats, multiple changes in the intestinal epithelium were observed, including an increase in the content of ether phospholipids (a group of phospholipids with an alkyl or alkenyl bond at the sn -1 position) ( 39 ), greater incorporation of LC-PUFAs such as DHA and ARA ( 38 ), and enhanced LCFA uptake ( 37 ). In an ex vivo study, pre-exposure of infant bowel tissue to gangliosides reduced bowel necrosis and pro-inflammatory signals in response to LPS, implying an in vivo functional re-structuring of enterocytes ( 155 ).…”

Section: Function Of Mfg In Infant Gut Maturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional Dynamics of the Milk Fat Globule and Its Role in Infant Development

et al. 2018

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Human milk is uniquely optimized for the needs of the developing infant. Its composition is complex and dynamic, driven primarily by maternal genetics, and to a lesser extent by diet and environment. One important component that is gaining attention is the milk fat globule (MFG). The MFG is composed of a triglyceride-rich core surrounded by a tri-layer membrane, also known as the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) that originates from mammary gland epithelia. The MFGM is enriched with glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, cholesterol, and proteins, some of which are glycosylated, and are known to exert numerous biological roles. Mounting evidence suggests that the structure of the MFG and bioactive components of the MFGM may benefit the infant by aiding in the structural and functional maturation of the gut through the provision of essential nutrients and/or regulating various cellular events during infant growth and immune education. Further, antimicrobial peptides and surface carbohydrate moieties surrounding the MFG might have a pivotal role in shaping gut microbial populations, which in turn may promote protection against immune and inflammatory diseases early in life. This review seeks to: (1) understand the components of the MFG, as well as maternal factors including genetic and lifestyle factors that influence its characteristics; (2) examine the potential role of this milk component on the intestinal immune system; and (3) delineate the mechanistic roles of the MFG in infant intestinal maturation and establishment of the microbiota in the alimentary canal.

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Section: Function Of Mfg In Infant Gut Maturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compositional Dynamics of the Milk Fat Globule and Its Role in Infant Development

et al. 2018

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“…Therefore, resolvins and protectins have been suggested as novel candidates for IBD therapy [50]. Ganglioside in the diet increases the amount of polyunsaturated fat relative to saturated fat in weanling rat intestine [51] and, thus, may enable enhanced production of resolvins and protectins.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Gangliosidementioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Ganglioside Reduces Proinflammatory Signaling in the Intestine

Miklavcic

Schnabl²,

Mazurak

et al. 2012

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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Gangliosides are integral to the structure and function of cell membranes. Ganglioside composition of the intestinal brush border and apical surface of the colon influences numerous cell processes including microbial attachment, cell division, differentiation, and signaling. Accelerated catabolism of ganglioside in intestinal disease results in increased proinflammatory signaling. Restoring proper structure and function to the diseased intestine can resolve inflammation, increase resistance to infection, and improve gut integrity to induce remission of conditions like necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Maintaining inactive state of disease may be achieved by reducing the rate that gangliosides are degraded or by increasing intake of dietary ganglioside. Collectively, the studies outlined in this paper indicate that the amount of gangliosides GM3 and GD3 in intestinal mucosa is decreased with inflammation, low level of GM3 is associated with higher production of proinflammatory signals, and ganglioside content of intestinal mucosa can be increased by dietary ganglioside.

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“…However, whether these effects in any way involve modulation of cell composition or behavior by gangliosides is not known; it is notable that the carbohydrate portions resemble those of free oligosaccharides with proven prebiotic capabilities (119). Nevertheless, dietary gangliosides have been shown to modify the composition of the brush border membrane in intestinal mucosa (106,107), and an increase in ganglioside content decreased the cholesterol and caveolin-1 content of lipid microdomains (108). Cholesterol depletion in membranes inhibits cellular entry of pathogens and generation of inflammatory signals by disrupting microdomain structure; thus, the authors went on to demonstrate that feeding dietary gangliosides resulted in reduced generation of inflammatory eicosanoids and cytokines by intestinal mucosa following acute exposure to bacterial endotoxin (108).…”

Section: Lipid Rafts In the Gutmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nutritional Significance of Lipid Rafts

Yaqoob

2009

Annu. Rev. Nutr.

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The structure, size, stability, and functionality of lipid rafts are still in debate, but recent techniques allowing direct visualization have characterized them in a wide range of cell types. Lipid rafts are potentially modifiable by diet, particularly (but not exclusively) by dietary fatty acids. However, it is not clear whether dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are incorporated into raft lipids or whether their low affinity to cholesterol disallows this and causes phase separation from rafts and displacement of raft proteins. This review examines the potential for dietary modification of raft structure and function in the immune system, brain and retinal tissue, the gut, and in cancer cells. Although there is increasing evidence to suggest that membrane microdomains, and their modulation, have an impact in health and disease, it is too early to judge whether modulation of lipid rafts is responsible for the immunomodulatory effects of n-3 PUFA. In addition to dietary fatty acids, gangliosides and cholesterol may also modulate microdomains in a number of tissues, and recent work has highlighted sphingolipids in membrane microdomains as potential targets for inhibition of tumor growth by n-3 PUFA. The roles of fatty acids and gangliosides in cognitive development, age-related cognitive decline, psychiatric disorders, and Alzheimer's disease are poorly understood and require clarification, particularly with respect to the contribution of lipid rafts. The roles of lipid rafts in cancer, in microbial pathogenesis, and in insulin resistance are only just emerging, but compelling evidence indicates the growing importance of membrane microdomains in health and disease.

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Dietary gangliosides increase the content and molecular percentage of ether phospholipids containing 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 in weanling rat intestine

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Compositional Dynamics of the Milk Fat Globule and Its Role in Infant Development

Compositional Dynamics of the Milk Fat Globule and Its Role in Infant Development

Dietary Ganglioside Reduces Proinflammatory Signaling in the Intestine

The Nutritional Significance of Lipid Rafts

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