Dietary glutamine supplementation improves growth performance and intestinal digestion/absorption ability in young hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii ♀ × Huso dauricus♂)

Abstract

Exogenous glutamine (Gln) was evaluated for its effect on growth performance, intestinal structure and function in young hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii $ · Huso dauricus #). Seven basal diets supplemented with 0, 1.00% AlanylGlutamine (Aln-Gln, 63.02% Gln) and 1.00, 2.00, 3.00, 4.00, 5.00% Solpro 508 (30.04% Gln) (0.30, 0.60, 0.90, 1.20, 1.50 of Gln) were fed to fish (initial mean weight: 22.38 ± 0.18 g) for 8 weeks, Water temperature was 22.4 ± 1.0°C, Dissolved oxygen was 7.56 ± 0.76 mg L )1 , the experiment was conducted in triplicates with an initial stocking density of 15 fish per aquarium. Supplementation with Aln-Gln and Solpro 508 increased weight gain rate, intestinal fold height, digestive enzyme and Na + , K + -ATPase activities, and decreased feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). The intestinal crypt depth decreased significantly with increasing dietary Gln supplementation, and the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, as well as glutathione content were found to be significantly higher and malondialdehyde levels were lower (P < 0.05) with increasing dietary Gln supplementation. These results provide an experimental basis for the use of Gln in improving growth performance, intestinal structure and function of juvenile sturgeon, and 1.00% AlanylGlutamine and 3.00%5.00% Solpro 508 supplementation in the diet is recommended.

Dietary glutamine supplementation effects on amino acid metabolism, intestinal nutrient absorption capacity and antioxidant response of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles

“…For instance, in red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), although growth was not improved, feed efficiency was enhanced in Gln supplemented diets (Cheng et al, 2011). In hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis; Cheng et al, 2012), hybrid sturgeon (Qiyou et al, 2011) and Jian carp (Yan and Qiu-Zhou, 2006) both feed utilization and weight gain improvements were reported with dietary Gln supplementation. These apparently conflicting results are not exclusive to fish (Lobley et al, 2001) and seem to reveal species specific physiological differences that still need to be fully understood (Pohlenz et al, 2012a).…”

“…In hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii × Huso dauricus). Gln supplementation was reported to enhance weight gain, feed efficiency, and intestine structure and function (Qiyou et al, 2011). In Jian carp (Cuprinus carpio var.…”

Interactive effects of dietary taurine and glutamine on growth performance, blood parameters and oxidative status of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

“…In vivo experiment showed that cultured Japanese eel's testicular fragments exposed to taurine in the medium showed higher SOD activities (Higuchi et al, 2012). On the other hand, dietary Gln was reported to enhance the antioxidant enzyme activities in hybrid sturgeon (Qiyou et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2011). Gln was also found to be effective in protecting against oxidative stress in carp intestinal epithelial cells by reducing malondialdehyde level and preventing the decrease of duperoxide dismutase activity (Chen et al, 2009).…”

“…Park et al (2002) reported that dietary taurine level can alter the growth performance of juvenile Japanese flounder significantly, and the optimal dietary taurine level is 1.4% for the species. The effect of dietary Gln on Japanese flounder has not yet been reported, however it was reported that proper supplementation of Gln in diet can affect the growth performance of Jian carp (Lin and Xiao, 2006), red drum (Cheng et al, 2012) and hybrid sturgeon (Qiyou et al, 2011). In the present study, growth parameters increased when both dietary Tau and Gln levels increased, this might be partly explained by the increased trend of feed utilizations, which is consistent with previous studies on Tau in Japanese flounder and juvenile turbot separately (Kim et al, 2007;Qi et al, 2012) as well as Gln in Jian carp (Lin and Xiao, 2006).…”

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“…Interestingly, in this research the maximum level of RPC inclusion in sturgeon diet was 53 % and at this level the dietary protein was almost completely RPC protein. Even if we decided to not analyze productive results, we interestingly observed that the specific growth rate (SGR) was 5 times better than the case of white sturgeon (A. transmontanus) (Gawlicka et al, 2002), and the productive parameters were also better than Beluga sturgeon (Hosseini et al, 2010;Ta'ati et al, 2011), "AL" hybrid sturgeon , hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii x Huso dauricus) (Qiyou X. et al, 2011) and white sturgeon (Lin et al, 1997).…”