Dietary grape seed procyanidins suppressed weaning stress by improving antioxidant enzyme activity and mRNA expression in weanling piglets

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of grape seed procyanidins (GSP) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant enzyme activity and mRNA expression in weanling piglets. A total of 96 piglets (Pietrain × Large White) with an average initial body weight (BW) of 8.4 ± 1.7 kg were weaned at 28 days, and randomly divided into 4 groups. Four groups of animals were fed with a basic diet supplemented with various doses of GSP (0, 40, 70 and 100 mg/kg respectively) during the 28‐day treatment period. The results showed that the group receiving 40 mg/kg GSP significantly increased the average daily gain (ADG, p < .05) and decrease the feed/gain ratio (F/G, p < .05). Interestingly, the incidence of diarrhoea was significantly reduced in the groups of 40 and 70 mg/kg GSP, but it was increased in the group of 100 mg/kg GSP. Subsequent biochemical studies indicated that dietary GSP significantly increased the activities of digestive enzymes and antioxidant enzymes, including amylase (Amy), lipase(LPS, p < .05), glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH‐Px, p < .05), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD, p < .05) and total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC, p < .05) in serum, liver and muscle, increased the expression of GSH‐Px, SOD and CAT genes (p < .05) in the liver, and decreased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA, p < .05) in serum, liver and muscle. Taken together, these studies revealed that low GSP supplement in diets can improve growth performance of weaned piglets, which is associated with increased digestive and antioxidant enzyme activities and enhanced resistance to weanling stress.

Dietary resveratrol attenuation of intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage is linked to the alteration of gut microbiota and butyrate in piglets challenged with deoxynivalenol

“…Thus, we investigated the protective effect of RES on intestinal barrier function and the inflammatory response in DON-challenged piglets. As expected, our results showed that RES supplementation improved BW gain, ADG and gain/feed, which was in accordance with the findings of previous polyphenol-investigated studies [ 13 , 23 , 34 ]. Additionally, we observed that DON significantly impaired the growth performance of piglets, which was consistent with the results of previous studies [ 33 , 35 , 36 ].…”

“…Consistent with these observations, our study showed that DON-challenged piglets exhibited elevated MDA levels and decreased GSH, T-SOD and T-AOC levels in the jejunum. Polyphenols have been shown to exert antioxidative effects in intestinal epithelial cell culture and weaned piglet studies [ 13 – 15 , 34 , 39 ]. Consistent with these findings, the results in the present study showed that supplementation with RES suppressed MDA levels while increasing T-SOD and T-AOC contents.…”

Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Procyanidins In Vitro and In Vivo

“…In the present study, the appropriate concentrations of PCs improved the levels of antioxidant enzymes, including GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD, but decreased the levels of ROS and MDA in models of oxidative damage compared with measurements using H 2 O 2 alone. These present findings were consistent with previous studies which suggested that a low PCs supplement via diet can improve the activities of GSH-Px, CAT, and SOD in weaned piglets [ 30 ]. Another study also suggested that PCs significantly increased CAT and SOD activities and decreased MDA content, thus improving the quality of goat sperm [ 31 ].…”

Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Procyanidins on Parkinson’s Disease In Vivo and In Vitro

“…In this study, compared with the MPP + /MPTP-alone group, PCs markedly raised the activity level of antioxidant enzymes (including GSH-Px, CAT and SOD) and decreased levels of ROS and MDA. The current findings are consistent with a previous study that suggests that a low PC supplement via diet improves the activities of GSH-Px, CAT and SOD in weaned piglets [40]. Another study also suggests that PCs significantly increase CAT and SOD activities and decrease MDA content, thus improving the quality of goat sperm [41].…”