Dietary Guidelines

Slavin, Joanne L.

doi:10.1097/nt.0b013e31826c50af

Cited by 63 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Participants were asked "On average, in the previous month, how often did you consume the following food items, irrespective of portion size?" All participants were asked about 14 foods relevant to assessing adherence to multiple dietary patterns, drawn from current dietary guidelines [35]. For example, "Fish and seafood", on a scale from 1 "Never" to 5 "Daily".…”

Section: Adherencementioning

confidence: 99%

“An Important Part of Who I am”: The Predictors of Dietary Adherence among Weight-Loss, Vegetarian, Vegan, Paleo, and Gluten-Free Dietary Groups

et al. 2020

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Weight-loss diets are notorious for their low adherence, which is a barrier to efforts to reduce population rates of overweight and obesity. However, there is some evidence that adherence is better among people on other kinds of diets, such as vegan and gluten free. This study aimed to explore the predictors of dietary adherence across five restrictive dietary patterns (vegan, vegetarian, paleo, gluten free, and weight loss). This study used both qualitative and quantitative methods among 292 adult community members who were following a restrictive dietary pattern. Personality, mental health, and motivational predictors of adherence were examined. Substantial differences in adherence were found between dietary groups, with vegans and vegetarians being particularly high in adherence and gluten-free and weight-loss dieters being comparably low. Four consistent predictors of adherence across different dietary patterns were supported in both the quantitative and qualitative analyses. Self-efficacy and social identification with one’s dietary group positively predicted adherence. Conversely, being motivated in one’s dietary choices by mood or by weight control negatively predicted adherence. These findings speak to the importance of social and motivational factors in determining adherence. The results also illustrate the utility of looking beyond weight-loss dieters and virtuous individual traits for insights into how adherence may be improved.

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Section: Adherencementioning

confidence: 99%

“An Important Part of Who I am”: The Predictors of Dietary Adherence among Weight-Loss, Vegetarian, Vegan, Paleo, and Gluten-Free Dietary Groups

et al. 2020

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“…In fairness, a cultural lens would also bring some added tension, paradox and anomaly with the sometimes uncomfortable exploration of hidden subjectivities. But as the world changes, a closed system will eventually become confining and constraining, acting to limit thought and possibility [4,23,28]. In a rapidly changing world, I argue that good scientific practice would have us surface and critically reflect upon hidden subjectivities so that potential difficulties become explicit, available to peer-review and the process of self-correction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent calls of over-attachment to a reductionist, pharmacologic mindset when considering the complex food matrix [20,21] point to difficulties with hidden subjectivities that manifest as habits of mind seeking linear, deterministic relationships, as one example. Frustrations with attempts to create relevant dietary guidance from the most rigorous and systematic reviews of scientific research [22,23] are grounded in the "hierarchy of evidence" guiding such review [23]. The hierarchy gives greatest weight to certain kinds of evidence/methodologies (randomized controlled trials or RCT) [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frustrations with attempts to create relevant dietary guidance from the most rigorous and systematic reviews of scientific research [22,23] are grounded in the "hierarchy of evidence" guiding such review [23]. The hierarchy gives greatest weight to certain kinds of evidence/methodologies (randomized controlled trials or RCT) [23]. Is this hierarchy an expression of unexamined hidden subjectivities?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reconsidering nutrition science: critical reflection with a cultural lens

Hassel

2014

Nutr J

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BackgroundEuropean culture gave birth to modern science as a means to investigate and explain the natural world. The biomedical disciplines that have since emerged, including nutrition, presuppose a web of basic presuppositions, background assumptions and implicit cultural values that are often overlooked and escape peer review. These "hidden subjectivities" are widely taken-for-granted while exerting a powerful hold on the scope, direction and patterns of disciplinary thought. Nutrition science currently has no accepted means of collectively attending to hidden subjectivities embedded within its methods and practice. Here I propose that directing inquiry into these dimensions holds potential to advance our discipline.MethodsThis critically reflective approach emerged from critical theory and the practice of cross-cultural engagement (CCE). CCE deliberately seeks out and critically engages food and health understandings of non-European cultures. Its protocol includes cognitive frameshifting, a practice of temporarily stepping outside of habitual thought patterns and into a non-biomedical framework of background assumptions. A cultural lens metaphor derives from CCE practice and is forwarded here as a viable means for restoring critically reflective attention to hidden subjectivities while also inviting further CCE practice within the discipline.ResultsCritical reflection with a cultural lens allows cognitive attachments to materialism, reductionism, mechanistic thought, naïve realism, control over nature and pervasive subject-object dichotomies between mind and matter, scientist and nature, experience and reality, among many others to become more available for critical consideration. Culturally diverse food and health understandings otherwise dismissed as "unscientific" or held in abeyance gain value as alternative assumptive frameworks and cognitive models that can be temporarily inhabited for further intercultural reflection and insight.ConclusionCritical reflection with a cultural lens allows reconsideration of nutrition science in light of its culturally specific origin and foundation. This perspective can advance the discipline in two ways. First, it extends skeptical inquiry into hidden subjectivities that are otherwise implicit and seldom given over to critical consideration. Second, it can broaden scholarly inquiry through deliberate attempts to cross cognitive boundaries and empathically inhabit different cognitive worlds. This developmental practice holds potential to both deepen and broaden disciplinary inquiry.

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“…According to the WHO, the recommended intake of fruits and vegetables is 400 gram per day that equal 5 serving/ day (29) .The present study was in agreement with Al-Rethaiaa et al, (2010) (30) , who reported that university students used to consume low daily intake of fruits and vegetables. Regarding to milk and milk products the "American Dietary Guidelines, 2015" (31) reported that the consumption of that stuff must be two to three serving per day. The present study found that university students reported low consumption of milk and milk products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%