Dietary intake and its relationship with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Mosallaei, Zahra; Mazidi, Mohsen; Safariyan, Mohammad; Norouzy, Abdolreza; Mohajeri, Seyed Amir Reza; Esmaily, Habibollah; Bahari, Ali; Ghayour‐Mobarhan, Majid; Nematy, Mohsen

doi:10.3233/mnm-150032

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Total carbohydrates were inversely associated with liver fat in both cross-sectional and prospective analyses, albeit weakly in the latter. However, other observational studies from Japan, Iran and Korea reported positive associations between high carbohydrate intake and measurements of liver fat, possibly due to differences in the proportions of subtypes of carbohydrates typically consumed in different populations compared to the UK [18][19][20][21]. Since other studies from European populations have likewise found inverse associations with carbohydrate intake akin to the current study, it overall suggests that mixed results may be due to variations in the types and sources of carbohydrate, which were not measured in these previous studies [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…938 ( 51) 854 (46) 858 (46) 758 (41) 963 (52) 917 (50) 866 (47) 802 (43) 1008 (54) 770 (42) 944 ( 51) 4439 (48) 25-805 (43) 707 (38) 706 (38) 768 (41) 822 (44) 644 (35) 718 (39) 728 (39) 749 (40) 657 (35) 793 (43) 692 (37) 3642 (39) 30-219 (12) 162 ( 9) 239 ( 13) 185 (10) 222 (12) 193 (10) 179 (10) 211 (11) 234 (13) 150 (8) 231 (13) 174 ( 9) 961 ( 10) 388 (21) 394 (21) 411 (22) 427 (23) 349 (19) 331 (18) 432 ( 23) 420 (23) 389 (21) 397 (21) 364 (20) 1849 ( 20)…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…392 (21) 331 (18) 367 (20) 386 (21) 438 (24) 304 (16) 341 (18) 429 ( 23) 411 ( 22) 330 ( 18) 477 ( 26) 266 ( 14)…”

Section: Low Physical Activityunclassified

“…However, recent studies have suggested that different types and sources of carbohydrates could influence liver fat accumulation differently [13,17]. Population-based studies looking at total dietary carbohydrate intake and MASLD have observed positive [18][19][20][21][22], negative [23] and non-significant associations [21,[24][25][26][27][28][29]. A recent meta-analysis of 34 observational studies concluded that there were no significant associations between carbohydrates and MASLD [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between types and sources of dietary carbohydrates and liver fat: a UK Biobank study

Orliacq,

Pérez-Cornago,

Parry

et al. 2023

BMC Med

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Background and aims Excess energy intake can lead to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but the relationship between dietary carbohydrate intake and liver fat content remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the associations between types and sources of dietary carbohydrates and liver fat content. Methods UK Biobank participants with no pre-existing diabetes, liver disease or cardiovascular disease reported dietary intake of types and sources of carbohydrates (total carbohydrates, free sugars, non-free sugars, starch from whole grains, starch from refined grains, and fibre) on at least two 24-h dietary assessments. In cross-sectional analyses, (n = 22,973), odds ratios (OR) of high liver fat content (defined as a score of ≥ 36 in the hepatic steatosis index) by quintiles of carbohydrate intakes were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models. In prospective analyses, a second sample (n = 9268) had liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF) measured by magnetic resonance imaging (2014–2020). Multivariable linear regression models estimated geometric means of PDFF (%) by quintiles of carbohydrate intakes. Models were adjusted for demographic and lifestyle confounders, including total energy intake. Results In the cross-sectional analyses, 6894 cases of high liver fat content were identified. Inverse associations between intakes of fibre (OR of highest vs. lowest quintile 0.46 [95% CI: 0.41–0.52]), non-free sugars (0.63 [0.57–0.70]) and starch from whole grains (0.52 [0.47–0.57]) with liver fat were observed. There were positive associations between starch from refined grains and liver fat (1.33 [1.21–1.46]), but no association with free sugars (p=0.61). In prospective analyses, inverse associations with PDFF (%) were observed for intakes of fibre (− 0.48 geometric mean difference between highest and lowest quintile of intake [− 0.60 to − 0.35]), non-free sugars (− 0.37 [− 0.49 to − 0.25]) and starch from whole grains (− 0.31 [− 0.42 to − 0.19]). Free sugars, but not starch from refined grains, were positively associated with PDFF (0.17 [0.05 to 0.28]). Conclusion This study suggests that different carbohydrate types and sources have varying associations with liver fat, which may be important for MASLD prevention. Non-free sugars, fibre, and starch from whole grains could be protective, while associations with free sugars and starch from refined grains are less clear.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…392 (21) 331 (18) 367 (20) 386 (21) 438 (24) 304 (16) 341 (18) 429 ( 23) 411 ( 22) 330 ( 18) 477 ( 26) 266 ( 14)…”

Section: Low Physical Activityunclassified

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between types and sources of dietary carbohydrates and liver fat: a UK Biobank study

Orliacq,

Pérez-Cornago,

Parry

et al. 2023

BMC Med

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“…Dietary intakes were assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (36)(37)(38). This questionnaire included 160 common food items which are common among Iranian population.…”

Section: Dietary Intake Assessment and Estimation Of Dietary Acid Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary acid load and risk of prostate cancer: (a case-control study)

Mehranfar¹,

Jalilpiran²,

Jafari³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: There are few studies which have shown inconsistent results regarding the associations between dietary acid load (DAL) and the risk of cancer. This study aimed to examine the association between DAL and prostate cancer (PC) risk among Iranian population. Methods: One hundred and twenty participants (60 controls and 60 newly diagnosed PC patients) engaged in a hospital-based case-control study. Validated 160-items semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess usual dietary intakes. DAL was calculated using potential renal acid load (PRAL) and the net endogenous acid production (NEAP). Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios. Results: Both PRAL (OR=5.44; 95% CI= (2.09-14.17)) and NEAP (OR=4.88; 95% CI= (2.22-13.41)) were associated with increased risk of PC in crude model. After adjusting for potential confounders (energy intake, smoking, physical activity, ethnicity, job, education, and some drugs usage) compared to the first category, being in the third category of PRAL (OR=3.42;)) and NEAP (OR=3.88; 95% CI= (1.26-9.55)) was associated with increased risk of PC. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that DAL could be associated with increased risk of PC. However, further prospective studies with larger sample sizes and longer durations are needed to confirm these findings.

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