Dietary interactions with the bacterial sensing machinery in the intestine: the plant polyphenol case

Nasef, Noha Ahmed; Mehta, Sunali; Ferguson, Lynnette R.

doi:10.3389/fgene.2014.00064

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 151 publications

(253 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, the flavan3-ols are absorbed by the enterocytes without any deconjugation or hydrolysis (88). On the other hand, flavonoids including flavonol-3-ols are generally recognized as xenobiotics by the intestinal detoxification system (92). Accordingly, they may be subjected to Phase II biotransformation (conjugation) in the enterocytes and posteriorly in the hepatocytes, resulting in a series of water-soluble conjugated metabolites including methyl, glucuronide, and sulfate derivatives (93).…”

Section: Intestinal Metabolism and Bioavailability Of Flavan-3-ols Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gastrointestinal Tract as a Key Target Organ for the Health-Promoting Effects of Dietary Proanthocyanidins

et al. 2017

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Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are polymers of flavan-3-ols abundant in many vegetable foods and beverages widely consumed in the human diet. There is increasing evidence supporting the beneficial impact of dietary PACs in the prevention and nutritional management of non-communicable chronic diseases. It is considered that PACs with a degree of polymerization >3 remain unabsorbed in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and accumulate in the colonic lumen. Accordingly, the GI tract may be considered as a key organ for the healthy-promoting effects of dietary PACs. PACs form non-specific complexes with salivary proteins in mouth, originating the sensation of astringency, and with dietary proteins, pancreatic enzymes, and nutrient transporters in the intestinal lumen, decreasing the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. They also exert antimicrobial activities, interfering with cariogenic or ulcerogenic pathogens in the mouth (Streptococcus mutans) and stomach (Helicobacter pylori), respectively. Through their antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties, PACs decrease inflammatory processes in animal model of gastric and colonic inflammation. Interestingly, they exert prebiotic activities, stimulating the growth of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. as well as some butyrate-producing bacteria in the colon. Finally, PACs are also metabolized by the gut microbiota, producing metabolites, mainly aromatic acids and valerolactones, which accumulate in the colon and/or are absorbed into the bloodstream. Accordingly, these compounds could display biological activities on the colonic epithelium or in extra-intestinal tissues and, therefore, contribute to part of the beneficial effects of dietary PACs.

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Section: Intestinal Metabolism and Bioavailability Of Flavan-3-ols Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gastrointestinal Tract as a Key Target Organ for the Health-Promoting Effects of Dietary Proanthocyanidins

et al. 2017

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“…Another disease that affects enterocytes is cholera, which generates an intracellular accumulation of cAMP that results in severe diarrhea (Crespy et al, 2002). It has been reported that polyphenols in the enterocyte favor increased production of SOD and GPx, which may constitute a form of cell protection (Ahmed-Nasef et al, 2014). The effect of oral administration of polyphenols from the apple in cases of acute diarrhea during cholera disease has been commented in the literature, showing that it can be used as a therapeutic and precautionary measure, by demonstrating the inhibition of cholera decreases ADP ribosylation and fluid accumulation induced by the toxin (Crespy, 2002).…”

Section: Intestinal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active compounds of medicinal plants, mechanism for antioxidant and beneficial effects

F¹,

V醶quez-Hern醤dez²,

Fenton-Navarro³

2019

Phyton

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An increased interest in the antioxidant effects of medicinal plants has developed in recent years. Identifying antioxidant compounds present in medicinal plants and elucidating the mechanism by which they prevent oxidation have been the focus of the research community. We performed a systematic and exhaustive review aimed at analyzing the available data regarding the beneficial effects of secondary metabolites in plants. The result of this review is presented as a description of free radicals, as well as cellular and physiological oxidative stress, is provided. The origin and source of antioxidant compounds, and the cellular and molecular mechanism by which they exert antioxidant effects, have been reported. The absorption, distribution and, elimination of antioxidants are mentioned. The beneficial effects of secondary metabolites of medicinal plants in various high incidence disease conditions were also reviewed. Finally, disease states that benefit from antioxidant compounds includes diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and liver, brain and, intestinal diseases.

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“…); (5) stimulating immunological defence; (6) creating a protective barrier; and (7) inhibiting the growth of potential pathogens (Gibson & Roberfroid ; Gibson ; Gong & Yang ; Ahmed Nasef et al . ; D'Argenio & Salvatore ; Okumura & Takeda ).…”

Section: Gut Health and The Host Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut microbiota and cardiovascular health benefits: A focus on wholegrain oats

et al. 2018

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Existing scientific data suggest that a high intake of wholegrain foods contributes to improved gut health and a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. Wholegrain oats are rich in dietary fibre and an important source of many bioactive components, including minerals, vitamins and phenolic compounds. The oat b-glucans have been reported to lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol through their ability to increase the viscosity of intestinal chime, change the gut microbiota composition and increase the production of short-chain fatty acids, which may contribute to the inhibition of hepatic cholesterol synthesis. Oats are also a rich source of phenolic acids, which are predominantly bound to cell wall polysaccharides through ester bonds. This bound state within oats means that phenolic acid bioavailability will largely be determined by interactions with the colonic microbiota in the large intestine. However, results from in vitro, animal and human studies have been inconsistent in relation to the impact of oats on the gut microbiota, possibly due to differences in experimental techniques and because compounds in oats, other than b-glucans, have not been considered. This review focuses on the interaction of oat b-glucans and phenolic acids with gut microbiota, and the subsequent link to cardiovascular health.

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Dietary interactions with the bacterial sensing machinery in the intestine: the plant polyphenol case

Cited by 16 publications

References 151 publications

The Gastrointestinal Tract as a Key Target Organ for the Health-Promoting Effects of Dietary Proanthocyanidins

The Gastrointestinal Tract as a Key Target Organ for the Health-Promoting Effects of Dietary Proanthocyanidins

Active compounds of medicinal plants, mechanism for antioxidant and beneficial effects

The gut microbiota and cardiovascular health benefits: A focus on wholegrain oats

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