Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids modify fatty acid composition in hepatic and abdominal adipose tissue of sucrose-induced obese rats

Abstract

The fatty acid profile of hepatocytes and adipocytes is determined by the composition of the dietary lipids. It remains unclear which fatty acid components contribute to the development or reduction of insulin resistance. The present work examined the fatty acid composition of both tissues in sucrose-induced obese rats receiving fish oil to determine whether the effect of dietary (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the reversion of metabolic syndrome in these rats is associated to changes in the fatty acid composition of hepatocyte and adipocyte membrane lipids. Animals with metabolic syndrome were divided into a corn-canola oil diet group and a fish oil diet group, and tissues fatty acids composition were analyzed after 6 weeks of dietary treatment. Fatty acid profiles of the total membrane lipids were modified by the fatty acid composition of the diets fed to rats. N-3 PUFAs levels in animals receiving the fish oil diet plus sucrose in drinking water were significantly higher than in animals under corn-canola oil diets. It is concluded that in sucrose-induced obese rats, consumption of dietary fish oil had beneficial effects on the metabolic syndrome and that such effects would be conditioned by the changes in the n-3 PUFAs composition in hepatic and adipose tissues because they alter membrane properties and modify the type of substrates available for the production of active lipid metabolites acting on insulin resistance and obesity.

Omega‐3‐rich Isochrysis sp. biomass enhances brain docosahexaenoic acid levels and improves serum lipid profile and antioxidant status in Wistar rats

“…Interestingly, linoleic acid was significantly increased in MG and FG rats compared to CG rats. These results are also in line with a previous study, which showed that dietary n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids modify the fatty acid composition, especially linoleic acid content, in the abdominal adipose tissue of sucrose‐induced obese rats . Other fatty acid contents remained unchanged between experimental groups.…”

“…wileyonlinelibrary.com/jsfa These results are also in line with a previous study, which showed that dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids modify the fatty acid composition, especially linoleic acid content, in the abdominal adipose tissue of sucrose-induced obese rats. 50 Other fatty acid contents remained unchanged between experimental groups. The total amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids and PUFAs were significantly elevated in MG and FG rats, compared with CG rats.…”

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“…ab P < 0.05 indicates difference from week 1, 5 and 10, compared with the control group As shown in Fig. 1, the These results are consistent with those reported by Aguilera et al, who used similar concentrations of sucrose in drinking water and observed increased abdominal fat, dyslipidemia and high levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) 31 .…”

Fish oil supplementation attenuates changes in plasma lipids caused by dexamethasone treatment in rats

“…It has been suggest that these results provide a rational basis for the use of EPA and DHA as an alternative treatment for patients with metabolic syndrome (Castro et al 2015). It is known that n-3 PUFA incorporation in phospholipid membranes is linked to modulation of tissues' insulin response (Calder 2012), a fact that can be related to plasma triglyceride content reduction (Yamazaki et al 2011;Alexander-Aguilera et al 2011). Furthermore, the n-3 PUFAs can modulate the activity of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs), transcriptions factors that control the expression of genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism (Ferreira et al…”