Dietary olive oil induces cannabinoid CB2 receptor expression in adipose tissue of Apc^Min/+ transgenic mice

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cannabinoid- 2 (CB2) receptor is known for its anti-obesity effects silencing the activated immune cells that are key drivers of metabolic syndrome and inflammation. Nutritional interventions in experimental models of carcinogenesis have been demonstrated to modulate tissue inflammation state and proliferation.OBJECTIVE: Aim of this study was to test, in ApcMin/+ mice, whether a diet enriched with olive oil, omega- 3 and omega-6- PUFAs affects the adipose tissue inflammation status.METHODS: Four groups of animal were studied: ST group, receiving a standard diet; OO group, receiving the standard diet in which soybean oil (source of fats) was replaced with olive oil; OM-3 group, receiving the standard diet in which soybean oil was replaced with salmon oil; OM-6 group, receiving the standard diet in which soybean oil was replaced with oenothera oil. Gene and protein expression, in adipose tissue, were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western Blotting, respectively. Enzymatic activities were assayed by fluorescent and radiometric method, where appropriated.RESULTS: The diet enriched with olive oil significantly induced CB2 receptor expression and it was able to control inflammatory and proliferative activity of mice adipose tissue.CONCLUSIONS: The present findings open opportunities for developing novel nutritional strategies considering olive oil a key ingredient of a healthy dietary pattern.

The Mediterranean Diet as a Source of Bioactive Molecules with Cannabinomimetic Activity in Prevention and Therapy Strategy

“…The previously cited study by Di Francesco et al [ 108 ] also did not find a significant impact of EVOO, OHT and OPE on CB2 expression. The only evidence of EVOO-dependent CB2 expression modulation comes from a single in vivo study, published in 2016 by Notarnicola et al [ 112 ]. Researchers treated C57BL/6J Apc Min/+ mice (a model for experimental colorectal carcinogenesis; mice with this mutation are predisposed to the development of multiple intestinal adenomas) with different FA-enriched diets for a period of 10 weeks.…”

Quality of Life and a Surveillant Endocannabinoid System

“…Regarding the role of CB2 in energy metabolism, its role as a pro-or anti-inflammatory in the central and peripheral tissues is controversial (Ueda et al, 2007;Deveaux et al, 2009;Chiurchiu et al, 2014;Maccarrone et al, 2015;Verty et al, 2015). Studies have reported a CB2 anti-obesity effect by silencing the activated immune cells in mice adipose tissue (Verty et al, 2015;Notarnicola et al, 2016), as well as a diet enriched with olive oil as responsible for increasing CB2 receptor expression in this tissue (Notarnicola et al, 2016).…”

“…On the other hand, Rossi et al (2016) suggested that CB2 activation has anti-obesity effects, since the CB2 blockage increases fat store and reduces browning in human adipocytes. Furthermore, studies have reported a CB2 anti-obesity effect by silencing the activated immune cells in mice adipose tissue (Verty et al, 2015;Notarnicola et al, 2016).…”

Mediterranean Diet and Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Neglected Role of Nutrition in the Modulation of the Endocannabinoid System

“…In animal models of colorectal carcinogenesis, a diet based on olive oil, ω-3-/ω-6 fatty acids, showed antiobesity and anti-inflammatory activity through the interaction with CB2Rs, helping adipogenic homeostasis and decreasing endocannabinoid activation [ 330 , 331 ].…”