Dietary patterns and the risks of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance among young adults: Evidence from a longitudinal study

Ushula, Tolassa W.; Mamun, Abdullah Al; Darssan, Darsy; Wang, William Y.S.; Williams, Gail; Whiting, Susan J.; Najman, Jake M.

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2022.05.006

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This pattern contained the highest intake levels of energy, carbohydrate, protein, ascorbic acid, calcium, and potassium but the lowest level of sodium intake among the three patterns. It was similar to the prudent diet reported in other countries to some extent that was inversely related to the risk of MetS [38,39]. However, in our study, we only obtained a significant inverse relationship between this pattern and central obesity and elevated blood pressure; this phenomenon has been partly explained by healthy foods, such as legumes, vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and nuts, which were a benefit for the control of central obesity and blood pressure owing to their containing more dietary fiber, abundant vitamins, and higher potassium but less sodium [40,41].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

MetS Prevalence and Its Association with Dietary Patterns among Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Population: Results from a National Cross-Sectional Study

Song

Zhang

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) increased dramatically over the past years among adults in a separate province in China; little is known about newly diagnosed MetS in middle-aged and above residents nationwide. We investigated the prevalence of MetS and its components, the dietary patterns, and their relationship among the middle-aged and above population of China by using data from a national cross-sectional survey. General information involving lifestyles and health stations was collected, and dietary intake using a 3-day 24 h dietary recall and weighing method for edible oil and condiments was conducted. Height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were measured, and fasting serum lipids and glucose were tested by trained clinical staff. Dietary patterns were derived from 23 food categories by using cluster analysis, and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate the odd ratio of MetS and its component across obtained dietary patterns. The estimated prevalence of MetS was 37.1% among 40,909 middle-aged and older participants in the study. Participants were classified into diversity pattern, northern pattern, and southern pattern that, respectively, accounted for 9.8%, 47.2%, and 43.0% of the total. Compared with those inclined to the northern pattern, participants prone to the southern pattern decreased the risk of MetS (OR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.75- 0.87; p < 0.001), central obesity (OR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.65–0.76; p < 0.001), and HDL-C (OR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.76–0.89; p < 0.001), and elevated BP (OR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.79–0.93; p < 0.001) respectively. However, participants of the southern pattern tended to have a higher risk of elevated glucose; the OR (95%CI) was 1.13 (1.05, 1.22; p = 0.002) after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Greater adherence to diverse dietary patterns was negatively related to the risk of central obesity and elevated blood pressure with an OR (95%CI) of 0.82 (0.71, 0.94; p = 0.005) and 0.77 (0.67, 0.88; p < 0.001), respectively. We concluded that dietary improvement and health promotion for MetS should be based on the district-specific nutritional status of the Chinese middle-aged and elderly population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

MetS Prevalence and Its Association with Dietary Patterns among Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Population: Results from a National Cross-Sectional Study

Song

Zhang

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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“…This dietary pattern, containing high amounts of animal meats (including processed meat and red meat), is closer to the Western dietary pattern [27], which is rich in saturated fats [28,29]. A previous prospective study of young adults had suggested that greater adherence to unhealthy Western diet patterns predicted a higher risk of MetS and increased insulin resistance [30]. A cohort study also indicated that the Western dietary pattern was negatively associated with HDL-C [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Dietary Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 7–17: The China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Mothers in 2016–2017

et al. 2022

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This study aims to determine the associations of dietary patterns with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Chinese children and adolescents aged 7–17 in 2016–2017. Using the data from the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Mothers in 2016–2017, the sociodemographic information, diet, anthropometric measurements and clinical examinations of subjects were obtained, and a total of 13,071 school-aged children and adolescents were included in this study. The Cook criteria were used to define MetS and its components. Dietary intake was derived from 24-h dietary records for three consecutive days, combined with the weighing method. Factor analysis was used to identify major dietary patterns. The associations of dietary patterns with MetS and its components were examined by logistic regression analysis. Consequently, five distinct dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis, and the relationships between dietary patterns with MetS and its components were observed. After adjusting for covariates, the animal product and vegetable patterns may have a positive association with MetS; the condiment pattern was positively associated with low HDL-C; the fruit and junk food patterns had positive relationships with MetS, abdominal obesity and high TG; the cereals and tubers pattern was positively associated with MetS, abdominal obesity, high TG and low HDL-C; the beans pattern was positively associated with high TG.

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“…Western DPs consist of a high intake of fats, carbohydrates, processed foods and red meats (as a source of protein) with a reduced intake of fruits and vegetables [ 31 , 32 ]. In previous studies among young adults, western patterns have also been identified [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Long-term adherence to habitual consumption of WD contributes to the development of metabolic diseases and psychological problems [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Nutrition Patterns of Polish Esports Players

2022

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The aim of this study was to quantify the dietary patterns (DPs) of Polish esports players aged 18–26 years. Data were obtained via questionnaires that assessed dietary habits and frequency of food consumption. Dietary patterns were derived using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Factor Analysis (FA). In total, nine distinct DPs were identified. Eight DPs were considered unhealthy; fast food', 'High-processed food, meat and confectionery', 'Sweet', 'Fat-diary products', 'Vegetable-fruit', 'Spices and additives', 'Fats' and 'Cereal'; and only one was deemed healthy. E-athletes presented mostly poor dietary habits, which included: irregular eating of meals, frequent snacking, at least three meals a day and composition of snacks, frying of meat dishes and sweetening of hot drinks. Healthy dietary habits included proper hydration during the day and consumption of mainly non-sparkling water. The unbalanced and largely unhealthy dietary habits of esports players raise health concerns for these e-athletes, particularly when combined with a sedentary lifestyle. Future research could assess the nutritional knowledge of this group as it relates to national guidelines, investigate interventions designed to introduce healthier eating options into their lifestyle and examine the relationship between DPs and health or cognitive performance.

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Dietary patterns and the risks of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance among young adults: Evidence from a longitudinal study

Cited by 16 publications

References 56 publications

MetS Prevalence and Its Association with Dietary Patterns among Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Population: Results from a National Cross-Sectional Study

MetS Prevalence and Its Association with Dietary Patterns among Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Population: Results from a National Cross-Sectional Study

Association of Dietary Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 7–17: The China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Mothers in 2016–2017

Nutrition Patterns of Polish Esports Players

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