Dietary patterns are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus among middle-aged adults in Zhejiang Province, China

Abstract

BackgroundAlthough some studies have shown the associations between dietary patterns and the risk T2DM in a general population, the associations in middle-aged Chinese have been rarely studied to date. In this study, we aimed to characterize dietary patterns in Chinese adults aged 45-59y (n = 1918) and to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of T2DM.MethodsThe study population was a part of the population-based the Nutrition and Health Study conducted in the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Dietary intake was assessed by using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of T2DM, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsThree major dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis, including the traditional southern Chinese, the Western, and the grains-vegetables patterns. After adjusting for the potential confounders, subjects in the highest quartile of the Western dietary pattern scores had greater odds ratio(OR) for T2DM(OR = 1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.103–1.697; P = 0.02) than did those in the lowest quartile. Compared with those in the lowest quartile, subjects in the highest quartile of the grains-vegetables dietary pattern scores had a lower OR for T2DM (OR = 0.72; 95% CI:0.596–0.952; P = 0.04). Moreover, no significant association was found between the traditional southern Chinese dietary pattern and risk of developing T2DM.ConclusionsOur findings indicated that the Western dietary pattern was associated with an elevated risk, whereas the grains-vegetables dietary pattern was associated with a reduced risk of T2DM. Further researches are needed to confirm these findings.

The relationship between pre‐pregnancy dietary patterns adherence and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: A case–control study

“…1 The prevalence of GDM has been approximately 3.4% in Iran. 2,3 GDM prevalence in Yazd is high, approximately 3.7%, with an increasing trend. 4 Also, Yazd is ranked as a city with the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Iran.…”

“…Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), as a most prevalent pregnancy complication, affects approximately 7% of pregnancies . The prevalence of GDM has been approximately 3.4% in Iran . GDM prevalence in Yazd is high, approximately 3.7%, with an increasing trend .…”

“…Recently, several studies have indicated the relationship between dietary patterns and GDM development . Obese and overweight women have a rather GDM risk than normal weight women . Additionally, excessive weight gain during pregnancy is associated with elevated GDM risk .…”

“…10 Obese and overweight women have a rather GDM risk than normal weight women. 3,12 Additionally, excessive weight gain during pregnancy is associated with elevated GDM risk. 12 Thus, programs and strategies to prevent GDM could be applied through identification of modifiable risk factors.…”

Biological plausibility for interactions between dietary fat, resveratrol, ACE2, and SARS-CoV illness severity

“…This may help to explain the vast interindividual variability observed in SARS-CoV-2 illness severity in humans (21). Furthermore, there is an association between HFD consumption and risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM), suggesting that individuals with DM are more likely to consume an HFD (9,36). As such, this proposed mechanism could add to the body of knowledge seeking to explain why SARS-CoV illness severity is greater in individuals with DM as well as in individuals with hypertension (HTN) (29).…”