Dietary protein is beneficial to bone health under conditions of adequate calcium intake

Mangano, Kelsey M.; Sahni, Shivani; Kerstetter, Jane E.

doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000013

Cited by 49 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Evidence-based analysis using the application of Hill's criteria for causality showed clearly that "A causal association between dietary acid load and osteoporotic bone disease is not supported by evidence…" (Fenton et al, 2011). It has in fact been suggested that dietary protein is a nutrient that is supportive of bone health, but this is only the case when calcium intakes are adequate (Mangano et al 2014). Thus, we propose, as reviewed in several recent publications recommending greater protein intakes (≥1.2 g/(kg·day)) for older persons (Bauer et al 2013;Deutz et al 2014), that there is no evidence supportive of higher protein intakes leading to renal failure and/or poor bone health.…”

Section: Health Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein “requirements” beyond the RDA: implications for optimizing health

Phillips

Chevalier

Leidy

2016

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

276

255

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Substantial evidence supports the increased consumption of high-quality protein to achieve optimal health outcomes. A growing body of research indicates that protein intakes well above the current Recommended Dietary Allowance help to promote healthy aging, appetite regulation, weight management, and goals aligned with athletic performance. Higher protein intakes may help prevent age-related sarcopenia, the loss of muscle mass, and strength that predisposes older adults to frailty, disability, and loss of autonomy. Higher protein diets also improve satiety and lead to greater reductions in body weight and fat mass compared with standard protein diets, and may therefore serve as a successful strategy to help prevent and/or treat obesity. Athletes can also benefit from higher protein intakes to maximize athletic performance given the critical role protein plays in stimulating muscle protein remodelling after exercise. Protein quality, per meal dose, and timing of ingestion are also important considerations. Despite persistent beliefs to the contrary, we can find no evidence-based link between higher protein diets and renal disease or adverse bone health. This brief synopsis highlights recent learnings based on presentations at the 2015 Canadian Nutrition Society conference, Advances in Protein Nutrition across the Lifespan. Current evidence indicates intakes in the range of at least 1.2 to 1.6 g/(kg·day) of high-quality protein is a more ideal target for achieving optimal health outcomes in adults.Key words: protein, protein recommendations, protein quality, sarcopenia, elderly, weight management, obesity, muscle, athletes, exercise, satiety.Résumé : Beaucoup d'études probantes appuient la thèse selon laquelle l'augmentation de la consommation de protéines de haute qualité améliore la santé. De plus en plus d'études rapportent qu'une consommation de protéines bien supérieure aux rations alimentaires recommandées favorise le vieillissement en santé, la régulation de l'appétit, le contrôle du poids et les objectifs en matière de performance sportive. Une plus grande consommation de protéines pourrait prévenir la sarcopénie associée à l'âge, la perte de masse musculaire et de force musculaire qui prédispose les personnes âgées à la fragilité, l'incapacité et la perte de l'autonomie. Un régime alimentaire riche en protéines améliore la satiété et favorise une plus grande diminution de la masse corporelle et graisseuse comparativement aux régimes protéiques standards et pourrait constituer une stratégie gagnante pour la prévention et le traitement de l'obésité. Les athlètes ont aussi à gagner en consommant plus de protéines afin de maximiser leur performance sportive compte tenu du rôle essentiel des protéines dans la stimulation du remodelage des protéines musculaires à la suite de l'exercice physique. La qualité des protéines, la dose par repas et le moment de la consommation sont aussi à prendre en compte. Malgré les croyances ancrées du contraire, on ne trouve aucune donnée probante présentant une associa...

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Section: Health Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein “requirements” beyond the RDA: implications for optimizing health

Phillips

Chevalier

Leidy

2016

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

276

255

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Although in the past high protein intake was often assumed to exert a primarily detrimental impact on bone mass and skeletal health, the majority of studies indicate the opposite. A low-protein diet is associated with a higher risk of hip fractures, however, only under conditions of adequate Ca intake (83,84) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dairy products and bone health: how strong is the scientific evidence?

Heuvel

Steijns

2018

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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The relevance of dairy produce for the diminishment of osteoporotic risk is still a matter of scientific debate due to the outcome of a few single observational studies. This review will address the most robust point estimate on the role of dairy products, as reported in systematic reviews and meta-analyses on randomised controlled trials in the case of bone mineralisation or prospective studies in the case of fracture risk. Plain dairy products or those fortified with Ca and/or vitamin D improve total body bone mineral content (BMC) by 45-50 g over 1 year when the daily baseline Ca intake is lower than 750 mg in Caucasians and Chinese girls. In Caucasian and Chinese women, Ca from (fortified) dairy products increases bone mineral density (BMD) by 0·7-1·8 % over 2 years dependent on the site of measurement. Despite the results on BMC, there are currently no studies that have investigated the potential of dairy products to reduce fracture risk in children. In adult Caucasian women, daily intake of 200-250 ml of milk is associated with a reduction in fracture risk of 5 % or higher. In conclusion, the role of dairy products for BMC or BMD has been sufficiently established in Chinese and Caucasian girls and women. In Caucasian women, drinking milk also reduces fracture risk. More research on the role of dairy products within the context of bone health-promoting diets is needed in specific ethnicities, other than Chinese and Caucasians, and in men.

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“…Specific mechanisms may include increased intestinal absorption of calcium, increased IGF-1 release (a main signal for bone health), parathyroid hormone inhibition, and increased muscle strength supporting the underlying skeleton. This protective effect of protein on bone is, however, thought to exist only in the setting of adequate calcium intake [58].…”

Section: Recommended Dietary Allowancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The practice of ingesting purified protein among strength athletes is thought to be a reflection of the concern that traditional high-protein diets may be atherogenic (as a result of relying heavily on meats) [51]. However, while increased protein intake does increase calciuria, other compensatory mechanisms yield an increase in bone mineral density [58]. Specific mechanisms may include increased intestinal absorption of calcium, increased IGF-1 release (a main signal for bone health), parathyroid hormone inhibition, and increased muscle strength supporting the underlying skeleton.…”

Section: Recommended Dietary Allowancementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Protein Intake in Athletes

Resnick¹,

Tennent²,

Patzkowski³

et al. 2015

TOJ

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Optimal protein requirements and supplementation are a topic of great interest for competitive and recreational athletes. However, there is considerable debate as to what constitutes adequate intake in sporting populations. Multiple studies have been undertaken to assess protein utilization and protein supplementation. The current consensus in the literature advocates a diet containing 1.2-1.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day for strength athletes and 1.2-1.4 grams per kilogram of body weight per day for endurance athletes. Metabolic studies have shown a diet containing 2.4 grams per kilogram to be excessive. The average American diet contains more than 200% of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA), with some athletes consuming diets containing up to 6.4 grams per kilogram of body weight per day. Given a well-balanced, calorically appropriate diet, there is no evidence to support intake above these levels. Furthermore, female athletes in particular must take care to ensure that they receive adequate protein from a balanced diet and be selective about their athletic supplementation.

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Dietary protein is beneficial to bone health under conditions of adequate calcium intake

Cited by 49 publications

References 26 publications

Protein “requirements” beyond the RDA: implications for optimizing health

Protein “requirements” beyond the RDA: implications for optimizing health

Dairy products and bone health: how strong is the scientific evidence?

Optimal Protein Intake in Athletes

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