Dietary SCFAs Immunotherapy: Reshaping the Gut Microbiota in Diabetes

Yap, Yu Anne; Mariño, Eliana

doi:10.1007/5584_2020_515

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…In this sense, SCFA promotes the differentiation of T lymphocytes in Treg cells through the inhibition of HDAC and the activation of the mTOR-S6K pathway [ 80 ]. This pathway stimulates the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-10, IL-17, and interferon-gamma (IFNγ), as well as through gene expression of Foxp3 in these cells, improving its suppressive qualities [ 94 ].…”

Section: Microbiota and Diabetes: Immunomodulatory Role Of Bacterimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As was previously mentioned, the key factor to observe the protective effects of SCFA is much dependent on the balance of the gut microbiota, which is determined by its composition. Therefore, in a state of eubiosis, these mechanisms can function to decrease or prevent DM [ 94 ]. The induction of tolerogenic macrophages, as well as the increase of Treg cells, can suppress the generation of autoimmune T cells, preventing the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells observed in T1DM [ 95 ].…”

Section: Microbiota and Diabetes: Immunomodulatory Role Of Bacterimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The induction of tolerogenic macrophages, as well as the increase of Treg cells, can suppress the generation of autoimmune T cells, preventing the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells observed in T1DM [ 95 ]. Alternatively, the strengthening of the intestinal barrier, as well as the suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators, contributes to a decrease in the chronic inflammatory state, reducing or preventing the IR observed in T2DM [ 94 ].…”

Section: Microbiota and Diabetes: Immunomodulatory Role Of Bacterimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In eubiosis conditions, propionate and butyrate interact with FFAR2 and FFAR3 receptors, stimulating the secretion of PYY and GLP-1, respectively [ 98 ]. GLP-1 participates in the regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion, gastric emptying, and food intake [ 94 ]. At the same time, PYY acts on the arcuate hypothalamic nucleus, suppressing the neuropeptide Y (NPY), which has an orexigenic effect, and stimulating POMC, which is anorexigenic, contributing to a decrease in food intake in humans [ 99 ].…”

Section: Microbiota and Diabetes: Immunomodulatory Role Of Bacterimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbiota and Diabetes Mellitus: Role of Lipid Mediators

et al. 2020

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Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an inflammatory clinical entity with different mechanisms involved in its physiopathology. Among these, the dysfunction of the gut microbiota stands out. Currently, it is understood that lipid products derived from the gut microbiota are capable of interacting with cells from the immune system and have an immunomodulatory effect. In the presence of dysbiosis, the concentration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) increases, favoring damage to the intestinal barrier. Furthermore, a pro-inflammatory environment prevails, and a state of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia is present. Conversely, during eubiosis, the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) is fundamental for the maintenance of the integrity of the intestinal barrier as well as for immunogenic tolerance and appetite/satiety perception, leading to a protective effect. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that alterations or dysregulation of the gut microbiota can be reversed by modifying the eating habits of the patients or with the administration of prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics. Similarly, different studies have demonstrated that drugs like Metformin are capable of modifying the composition of the gut microbiota, promoting changes in the biosynthesis of LPS, and the metabolism of SCFA.

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Section: Microbiota and Diabetes: Immunomodulatory Role Of Bacterimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiota and Diabetes: Immunomodulatory Role Of Bacterimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiota and Diabetes: Immunomodulatory Role Of Bacterimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiota and Diabetes: Immunomodulatory Role Of Bacterimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbiota and Diabetes Mellitus: Role of Lipid Mediators

et al. 2020

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“…Our understanding of the role of GM in T1D is based on rodent and human studies (summarized in [ 7 , 14 ]). In general, the intestinal microbiota of T1D and healthy subjects are distinctly different in mouse and human studies, with the former showing reduced microbial diversity and a reduced presence of butyrate producers along with proinflammatory dysbiosis [ 7 , 15 ].…”

Section: Gut Microbiome In T1dmentioning

confidence: 99%

FFAR from the Gut Microbiome Crowd: SCFA Receptors in T1D Pathology

Priyadarshini

Lednovich

et al. 2021

Metabolites

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The gut microbiome has emerged as a novel determinant of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. In this context, major gut microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), are considered to be an important link between the host and gut microbiome. We, along with other laboratories, have explored how SCFAs and their cognate receptors affect various metabolic conditions, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Though gut microbiome and SCFA-level changes have been reported in T1D and in mouse models of the disease, the role of SCFA receptors in T1D remains under explored. In this review article, we will highlight the existing and possible roles of these receptors in T1D pathology. We conclude with a discussion of SCFA receptors as therapeutic targets for T1D, exploring an exciting new potential for novel treatments of glucometabolic disorders.

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Stereoselective metabolic disruption of cypermethrin by remolding gut homeostasis in rat

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2023

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Dietary SCFAs Immunotherapy: Reshaping the Gut Microbiota in Diabetes

Cited by 12 publications

References 167 publications

Microbiota and Diabetes Mellitus: Role of Lipid Mediators

Microbiota and Diabetes Mellitus: Role of Lipid Mediators

FFAR from the Gut Microbiome Crowd: SCFA Receptors in T1D Pathology

Stereoselective metabolic disruption of cypermethrin by remolding gut homeostasis in rat

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