Dietary starch concentration alters reticular pH, hepatic copper concentration, and performance in lactating Holstein-Friesian dairy cows receiving added dietary sulfur and molybdenum

McCaughern, James; Mackenzie, A.M.; Sinclair, L.A.

doi:10.3168/jds.2020-18453

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The ideal rumen pH to maintain microbial activity is 6.0-7.0 [29]. Some factors that can change rumen pH including feed composition, feed processing, buffering capacity, and length of forage chop [30]. The NH 3 concentration was influenced by RDP levels (p<0.05).…”

Section: Ruminal Fermentation Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of rumen degradable protein and sulfur supplementation on in vitro digestibility and ruminal fermentation

Rosmalia

Astriani

Sahroni

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The availability of nitrogen and sulfur in the rumen should be synchronized to generate microbial protein synthesis. This study aimed to evaluate rumen degradable protein and sulfur supplementation on in vitro digestibility and ruminal fermentation. The experimental design was a 4 x 3 factorial randomized block design. Factor 1 was RDP levels (%CP) (R1= 60%; R2= 55%; R3= 50%; R4= 45%), and factor 2 was sulfur supplementation (S1= 0%; S2= 0.1%; S3= 0.2%). Data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by the Duncan test. The result showed that sulfur supplementation improved DMD and OMD without changes in rumen pH. NH3 concentration was influenced by RDP levels. Treatment R1 had the highest NH3 concentration (7.03 mM). There was an interaction of two factors on total VFA concentration. The combination of R1 and S2 resulted in the highest total VFA concentration than others. The total bacteria population increased with increasing RDP levels. Protozoa population was affected by RDP levels and sulfur supplementation. This study concluded that a combination of 60% RDP and 0.2% sulfur supplementation resulted in the best ration to improve ruminal fermentation and digestibility.

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Section: Ruminal Fermentation Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of rumen degradable protein and sulfur supplementation on in vitro digestibility and ruminal fermentation

Rosmalia

Astriani

Sahroni

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…The activity of S. bovis only increases as a result of low pH (<5.75) conditions in the bovine rumen (113). According to McCaughern et al (114), feeding a high-starch (220 g/kg of DM) diet to dairy cows could reduce rumen pH (0.15 units lower than normal pH) and increase milk yield (0.09 kg/d) and milk protein content (2.8 g/kg). Feeding a high-starch diet can directly affect the colonic lumen environment, which in turn alters the lumenspecific functional taxonomic groups (Akkermansia, unclassified Christensenellaceae, and vadinBB60).…”

Section: Carbohydrate-microbe Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction

et al. 2020

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Ruminants inhabit the consortia of gut microbes that play a critical functional role in their maintenance and nourishment by enabling them to use cellulosic and non-cellulosic feed material. These gut microbes perform major physiological activities, including digestion and metabolism of dietary components, to derive energy to meet major protein (65–85%) and energy (ca 80%) requirements of the host. Owing to their contribution to digestive physiology, rumen microbes are considered one of the crucial factors affecting feed conversion efficiency in ruminants. Any change in the rumen microbiome has an imperative effect on animal physiology. Ruminal microbes are fundamentally anaerobic and produce various compounds during rumen fermentation, which are directly used by the host or other microbes. Methane (CH 4 ) is produced by methanogens through utilizing metabolic hydrogen during rumen fermentation. Maximizing the flow of metabolic hydrogen in the rumen away from CH 4 and toward volatile fatty acids (VFA) would increase the efficiency of ruminant production and decrease its environmental impact. Understanding of microbial diversity and rumen dynamics is not only crucial for the optimization of host efficiency but also required to mediate emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from ruminants. There are various strategies to modulate the rumen microbiome, mainly including dietary interventions and the use of different feed additives. Phytogenic feed additives, mainly plant secondary compounds, have been shown to modulate rumen microflora and change rumen fermentation dynamics leading to enhanced animal performance. Many in vitro and in vivo studies aimed to evaluate the use of plant secondary metabolites in ruminants have been conducted using different plants or their extract or essential oils. This review specifically aims to provide insights into dietary interactions of rumen microbes and their subsequent consequences on rumen fermentation. Moreover, a comprehensive overview of the modulation of rumen microbiome by using phytogenic compounds (essential oils, saponins, and tannins) for manipulating rumen dynamics to mediate CH 4 emanation from livestock is presented. We have also discussed the pros and cons of each strategy along with future prospective of dietary modulation of rumen microbiome to improve the performance of ruminants while decreasing GHG emissions.

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“…An increase in the level of carbohydrates in ruminant rations results in higher acid production by rumen microorganisms, W -100% wheat, W75 -75% wheat + 25% corn, WC -50% wheat + 50 corn%, C -100% corn, C75 -25% wheat + 75% corn; TG -type of grain feed, + -E. caudatum addition, --lack of E. caudatum, SFR -highest gas production rate constant, Lag time -time to start gas production, TGP -total gas production, pCH 4 -estimated methane production, SEM -standard error of the mean Figure 3. In vitro gas production kinetics of different feed types by the effect of Entodinium caudatum; W -100% wheat, W75 -75% wheat + 25% corn, WC -50% wheat + 50 corn%, C75 -25% wheat + 75% corn, C -100% corn leading to a lower ruminal pH (McCaughern et al, 2020). A rumen pH between 5.0-5.5 (Enemark et al, 2002) or a pH below 5.8 is considered a prominent feature of SARA (Nordlund and Garrett, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of <i>Entodinium caudatum</i> monocultures in an acidotic environment on <i>in vitro</i> rumen fermentation

Alataş¹,

Arik²,

Gülşen³

et al. 2022

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Dietary starch concentration alters reticular pH, hepatic copper concentration, and performance in lactating Holstein-Friesian dairy cows receiving added dietary sulfur and molybdenum

Cited by 13 publications

References 53 publications

Effect of rumen degradable protein and sulfur supplementation on in vitro digestibility and ruminal fermentation

Effect of rumen degradable protein and sulfur supplementation on in vitro digestibility and ruminal fermentation

Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction

Effects of <i>Entodinium caudatum</i> monocultures in an acidotic environment on <i>in vitro</i> rumen fermentation

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