Dietary Supplementation with Palmitoyl-Glucosamine Co-Micronized with Curcumin Relieves Osteoarthritis Pain and Benefits Joint Mobility

Abstract

Chronic mixed pain and orthopedic dysfunction are the most frequently associated consequences of canine osteoarthritis (OA). An unmet need remains for safe and effective therapies for OA. Palmitoyl-glucosamine (PGA) and curcumin are safe and naturally occurring compounds whose use is limited by poor bioavailability. Micronization is an established technique to increase bioavailability. The aim of this study was to investigate if the dietary supplementation with PGA co-micronized with curcumin (PGA-Cur, 2:1 ratio by mass) could limit pathologic process in two well-established rat models of inflammation and OA pain, i.e., subplantar carrageenan (CAR) and knee injection of sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA), respectively. In CAR-injected animals, a single dose of PGA-cur significantly reduced paw edema and hyperalgesia, as well as tissue damage and neutrophil infiltration. The repeated administration of PGA-Cur three times per week for 21 days, starting the third day after MIA injection resulted in a significant anti-allodynic effect. Protection against cartilage damage and recovery of locomotor function by 45% were also recorded. Finally, PGA-cur significantly counteracted MIA-induced increase in serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, NGF, as well as metalloproteases 1, 3, and 9. All the effects of PGA-Cur were superior compared to the compounds used singly. PGA-Cur emerged as a useful dietary intervention for OA.

Management of Acute Lung Injury: Palmitoylethanolamide as a New Approach

“…The inhibitory action of PEA against the release of cytokines is widely documented in the literature. Several studies have shown that um-PEA, as well as many of its analogues such as Adelmidrol, N-Palmitoylethanolamine-oxazoline (PEA-OXA), the oxazoline of PEA or N-Palmitoyl-D-Glucosamine (PGA), were able to decrease the plasma levels of cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. Furthermore, um-PEA showed protective effect in lung; in fact, it was seen that um-PEA reduced inflammation in terms of cytokines release and immune cells infiltration in model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin intratracheal administration [ 21 ].…”

Antiosteoarthritic Effect of Morroniside in Chondrocyte Inflammation and Destabilization of Medial Meniscus-Induced Mouse Model

“…In recent years, natural plant-based treatments have been developed as alternatives for numerous diseases, with fewer side effects than conventional drugs [ 16 , 17 ]. Previous studies have shown that some plant extracts have preventive effects against OA pathogenesis [ 18 , 19 ]. Cornus officinalis (CO) of the dogwood genus has been found in Eastern Asia for more than 2000 years and has been employed as a traditional natural product for maintaining liver and kidney health [ 20 ].…”

A green-lipped mussel reduces pain behavior and chondrocyte inflammation and attenuated experimental osteoarthritis progression

“…Dietary supplementation with Palmitoyl-Glucosaine with curcumin decreased MIA-induced secondary allidynia at either threshold of latency level. Also, PGA-Cur with significantly decrease in serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, NGF as well as metalloproteases 1,3, and 9 [ 36 ]. In addition, there are studies on pain and inflammation ameliorate in osteoarthritis disease studies using natural compounds such as cashew nut, hyaluronic acid, and ALIAmide palmitoylglucosamine [ 21 , 22 , 37 , 38 ].…”