Dietary vitamin C requirement of juvenile Chinese sucker (<i>Myxocyprinus asiaticus</i>)

Huang, Feng; Wu, Fan; Zhang, Song; Jiang, Ming; Liu, Wei; Jian, Tian; Yang, Chen; Huang, Wen

doi:10.1111/are.12858

Cited by 22 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a key hydrolase enzyme in hydrolysing the phosphate groups from many molecules, such as nucleotides, proteins and alkaloids. Earlier studies had also proved that ALP can helps in utilization of L‐ascorbyl‐2‐polyphosphate and a raise in ALP was found in intestine when the fish fed with Vitamin C supplemented diet using L‐ascorbyl‐2‐polyphosphate (Huang et al., ). Fish fed a diet with 35 mg AA/kg and 70 mg AA/kg levels had higher ALP activity than did other treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The optimization of vitamin C needs careful examination of liver because the suboptimal level of vitamin C in diet could damage the proper functioning of liver (Huang et al, 2015). The AST and ALT are the transaminase enzymes that play a key role in the catalytic process and reciprocal transformation of amino acids, lipids and carbohydrates (Lin & Luo, 2011;Ramaswamy, Thangavel, & Selvam, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary ascorbic acid requirement for growth of striped catfish,Pangasianodon hypophthalmus(Sauvage, 1878) juveniles

et al. 2017

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A sixty-day feeding trial was conducted to determine the ascorbic acid (AA) requirement for growth of striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus juveniles. Seven isonitrogenous and iso-energetic (370 g protein per kg and 19.6 MJ/kg) purified diets were prepared with different levels of ascorbic acid such as control (0), T 1 (17.5), T 2 (35), T 3 (70), T 4 (175), T 5 (350) and T 6 (700) mg ascorbic acid (L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate) equivalent per kg diet. Fish with a mean body weight of 3.2-3.4 g were stocked (fifteen fish per tank) in triplicates following a completely randomized design. Each group was fed to satiation twice a day for 60 days. Significant differences were observed in growth, survival, body composition and metabolic enzymes activities with different dietary ascorbic acid levels. Maximum weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were found in fishes fed with 35 mg AA per kg diet, supported by best feed conversion. Fish fed a diet containing vitamin C had the highest activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) compared to those fed with vitamin C-depleted diets.In this study, based on using broken-line regression analysis, the dietary vitamin C requirement for growth of P. hypophthalmus juveniles was estimated to be in the range of 46-76 mg AA per kg, depending on the criterion used, growth and liver storage.Our results will be helpful for the formulation of cost-effective ascorbic acid incorporated diets for striped catfish, P. hypophthalmus. K E Y W O R D Sascorbic acid, growth, L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, vitamin C requirement | INTRODUCTIONVitamin C (ascorbic acid) is considered as one of the essential nutrients required for growth and immunity in fish (Asaikkutti, Bhavan, Vimala, Karthik, & Cheruparambath, 2016;Dabrowski, 2000;Khan, Zuberi, & Ullah, 2015;Lim & Lovell, 1978; NRC, 2011;Pimpimol, Phoonsamran, & Chitmanat, 2012;Xu et al., 2016). Ascorbic acid (AA) has an extensive role in the enhancement of growth, collagen synthesis, iron metabolism, haematology, reproduction, stress physiology, wound healing and immune response in fish (Albrektsen, Lie, & Sandnes, 1988;Anbarasu & Chandran, 2001;Halver, Smith, Tolbert, & Baker, 1975;Roberts, Davies, & Pulsford, 1995). Many of the farmed fishes, such as ictalurids, cichlids and cyprinids, cannot synthesize vitamin C de novo because they do not contain the enzyme, L-gulono-1,4-lactone oxidase (Chatterjee, 1973;Dabrowski, 1994;Moreau, Dabrowski, & Sato, 1999;Xie, Niu, Zhang, & Bao, 2006;Yamamoto, Sato, & Ikeda, 1978). Ascorbic acid is soluble in water, and thus, leaching of this vitamin from feeds can be a serious issue (Abdelghany, 1996; Hilton, Cho, Brown, & Slinger, 1979; Hilton, & Slinger, 1977;Soliman, Jauncey, & Roberts, 1986). Wilson and Moreau (1996) reported that AA is not stable in the native form as 50 mg/kg of the supplemental AA will be destroyed during the feed manufacturing process. Therefore, accur...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary ascorbic acid requirement for growth of striped catfish,Pangasianodon hypophthalmus(Sauvage, 1878) juveniles

et al. 2017

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“…The majority of these radicals are reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as the hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion, all of which have the propensity to damage crucial cellular components like lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and DNA (Finkel & Holbrook ; Huang et al . ).…”

Section: Vitamins C (Aa) and E (α‐Tocopherol α‐Toc) As Antioxidant Amentioning

confidence: 97%

Vitamin C supplementation to optimize growth, health and stress resistance in aquatic animals

Dawood

Koshio

2016

Reviews in Aquaculture

143

105

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Vitamins are organic compounds that can be synthesized from other essential nutrients; however, they are required in trace amounts from an exogenous source for normal growth, reproduction and health. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, AA) is an essential micronutrient for normal growth and physiological function of most aquatic animals. In terrestrial animal nutrition, vitamin C has recently spurred scientific interest because of the increasing knowledge on vitamin C involvement in gene expression, cell cycle and reproduction in mammals; in addition, recent advances in molecular biology techniques allow the more effective estimation of the effect of vitamin C on metabolism and physiology. In contrast, this information is scarce in aquatic animal nutrition, as studies have essentially focused on the estimation of minimum vitamin C requirement for maximum growth and immune response as well as for the formulation of least‐cost diet. This scarcity of information is also due to the lack of well‐established indicators of vitamin C status in aquatic organisms. The present review summarizes and discusses information about vitamin C sources, bioavailability, deficiency and requirement in aquatic animals to plan further studies. In the future, vitamin C nutrition studies in aquaculture should also include immune responses, histopathology of the gills, liver, gonad development, gamete quality and quantity, fecundity, larvae survival and gene expression. Dietary vitamin C requirements should be estimated at every life‐history stage of cultured species. All this information will allow a better understanding of the essentiality of vitamin C in aquatic animal growth, development, reproduction and health.

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“…) and reducing oxidative damage to tissues (Huang et al . ; Liang et al . ) although its exact mechanism has not been demonstrated.…”

Section: Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It participates in synthesis of steroid hormones and collagen (Lightner et al 1979;Cavalli et al 2003;Mustafa et al 2013), tolerance to toxicants and environmental stressors (Merchie et al 1995). It has also been proposed to be potentially beneficial in increasing immune response (Roosta et al 2014;Kim & Kang 2015;Shahkar et al 2015) and reducing oxidative damage to tissues (Huang et al 2017;Liang et al 2017) although its exact mechanism has not been demonstrated. Vitamin C also promotes beneficial effects on serum bactericidal activity, phagocytic activity, antibody levels and lysozyme activity (Ren et al 2005).…”

Section: Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial roles of feed additives as immunostimulants in aquaculture: a review

Dawood

Koshio

Esteban

2017

Reviews in Aquaculture

656

293

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The use of antibiotics in the aquafeeds to mitigate infectious diseases or to boost growth performance is commonly practiced. Recently, the prophylactic use of antibiotics and chemotherapies have been criticized which eventually led to their ban in aquaculture by law on many countries. In view of the current restrictions on antibiotic use, there is a critical need to evaluate other possible alternatives. One potential substitute for antibiotics in aquafeeds is the use of functional feed additives. The present review is a comprehensive and an updated compilation of the available works on different feed additives, their examples, modes of action and useful applications for improving aquafeeds. It highlights several functional feed additives including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, immunostimulants, organic acids, nucleotides and medicinal herbs. Apart from boosting aquafeeds and safeguarding general health of aquatic animals, some of these substances have been found to possess beneficial immunostimulant and anti‐stress relieving properties. Furthermore, the use of these natural substances increases the consumer confidence of farmed fish. Due care has been taken to cover the on‐going trends and recent advances with a perspective vision and their holistic usages and beneficial applications in aquatic animals’ systems. The current study also shed light regarding the management and production aspects of aquatic animals which will enlighten farmers and producers for better economic growth.

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Dietary vitamin C requirement of juvenile Chinese sucker (Myxocyprinus asiaticus)

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

Dietary ascorbic acid requirement for growth of striped catfish,Pangasianodon hypophthalmus(Sauvage, 1878) juveniles

Dietary ascorbic acid requirement for growth of striped catfish,Pangasianodon hypophthalmus(Sauvage, 1878) juveniles

Vitamin C supplementation to optimize growth, health and stress resistance in aquatic animals

Beneficial roles of feed additives as immunostimulants in aquaculture: a review

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