Dietary α-linolenic acid is as effective as oleic acid and linoleic acid in lowering blood cholesterol in normolipidemic men

Chan, Joanna K.; Bruce, Vivian M; McDonald, B. E.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/53.5.1230

Cited by 130 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Alternatively, from the analyses of Figure 3, a-linolenic might be involved in preventing the conversion of VLDL to LDL. In any event, these results agree with the previous findings that the consumption of a-linolenic acid has a lowering effect on the serum cholesterol concentration where there are considerable amounts of alinolenic acid available (Chan et al, 1991;Valsta et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Serum lipid profiles in Japanese women and men during consumption of walnuts

et al. 2002

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Objective: To determine the serum cholesterol, apolipoproteins and LDL oxidizability in young Japanese women and men during walnut consumption and to evaluate its active principle. Design: Experimental study with a randomized design. Subjects: Twenty healthy women and 20 healthy men. Interventions: Subjects were randomly assigned to consume each of two mixed natural diets for 4 weeks in a cross-over design. Reference and walnut diets were designed and the walnut diet had 12.5% of the energy derived from walnuts (44 -58 g=day). Results: The total cholesterol and serum apolipoprotein B concentrations, and the ratio of LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol was significantly lowered in women and men when fed on the walnut diet, than when on the reference diet (P 0.05). The LDL cholesterol concentration was significantly lowered in women on the walnut diet (0.22 mmol=l, P ¼ 0.0008), whereas this decrease was not significant in men (0.18 mmol=l, P ¼ 0.078). The most prominent change in the fatty acid composition of the cholesteryl esters from serum after the walnut diet was an elevation of a-linolenic acid in women (76%, P < 0.001) and men (107%, P < 0.001). This elevation was negatively correlated to the change in LDL cholesterol in women (r ¼ 0.496, P ¼ 0.019) and men (r ¼ 0.326, P ¼ 0.138). The LDL oxidizability in women was not influenced by the diets (P ¼ 0.19). Conclusions: a-Linolenic acid in the walnut diet appears to be responsible for the lowering of LDL cholesterol in women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Serum lipid profiles in Japanese women and men during consumption of walnuts

et al. 2002

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“…The hypercholesterolemic effect of saturated fatty acids and the hypocholesterolemic effect of some unsaturated fatty acids are well established (Chan et al, 1991). In this study, the total SFA concentration of fatty acids in breast and thigh meat decreased in response to combined treatment of karaya saponin and R. capsulatus in the basal diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Hypocholesterolemic Response to Karaya Saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus in Broiler Chickens

Afrose¹,

Hossain²,

Maki³

et al. 2010

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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:Dietary karaya saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus (R. capsulatus) are known to have hypocholesterolemic actions, as reported in our previous studies. This study examined possible synergistic hypocholesterolemic effects of karaya saponin and R. capsulatus in broilers. A total of 150 broilers were allocated into 10 treatments: control, saponin 25 mg, saponin 50 mg, saponin 75 mg, saponin 25 mg+R. capsulatus 0.2 g, saponin 25 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g, saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.2 g, saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g, saponin 75 mg+R. capsulatus 0.2 g and saponin 75 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g. Feed intake and feed efficiency were improved when karaya saponin and R. capsulatus were synergistically supplemented in the diet. Combinations of karaya saponin, especially supplementation of karaya saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g were shown to have potential hypolipidemic actions in breast and thigh muscle cholesterol and triglycerides, serum cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as improved high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (p<0.05). Compared to the control, almost all the treatments significantly increased serum, liver and fecal concentrations of bile acids (p<0.05). Supplementation of both karaya saponin (75 mg) and saponin 50 mg+R. capsulatus 0.4 g reduced palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) in a similar fashion (p<0.05). The ratios of PUFA:SFA or PUFA+MUFA:SFA in the thigh and breast muscle of broilers were greater in karaya saponin and R. capsulatus supplemented groups than in the control group. Thus, our study concluded that supplementation of karaya saponin synergistically with R. capsulatus in the diet of broilers is an effective way to obtain low-cholesterol, low-triglyceride and high HDL-cholesterol enriched poultry meat with a unique fatty acid balance.

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“…Feeding studies with fatty acids (Lu et al, 1997;Perez-Jimenez et al, 1995;Abbey et al, 1994;Cobb & Risch, 1993;Chan et al, 1991), fat restriction (Lefevre et al, 1997;Jenkins et al, 1997;Miller et al, 1998;Schaefer et al, 1995), psyllium (Ganji & Kies, 1996), or phytosterols (Pelletier et al, 1995), have shown that serum total cholesterol can be reduced in subjects with comparable or even lower mean serum cholesterol levels. Also, the subgroup with a mean total cholesterol level of 5.7 mmolaL (220 mgadL) did not respond to Lactobacillus acidophilus either.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yoghurt enriched with Lactobacillus acidophilus does not lower blood lipids in healthy men and women with normal to borderline high serum cholesterol levels

1999

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Objective: To investigate whether intake of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain L-1 lowers serum cholesterol in healthy men and women. Design: Randomised, placebo-controlled parallel trial. Setting: Subjects were free-living. Blood sampling and distribution of yoghurts were administered at a local hospital. Subjects: Seventy-eight adult men and women with cholesterol levels of 3.9 ± 7.8 mmolaL (mean AE s.d., 5.4 AE 0.7). Interventions: Subjects consumed 500 mL of control yoghurt daily for two weeks. They were then randomly allocated to receive 500 mL per day of control yoghurt or of yoghurt enriched with Lactobacillus acidophilus L-1 for another six weeks. The yoghurts were spiked with a trace of lithium; compliance as assessed by plasma lithium was excellent. Results: Energy and nutrient intake was constant, and identical for the two groups. Mean body weight was stable. Baseline blood lipid concentrations in the control and treatment groups were highly similar. The effect of consumption of Lactobacillus acidophilus L-1 vs control on total cholesterol was 70.02 mmolaL (95% CI, 70.18 ± 0.15) after three weeks and 0.04 mmolaL (95% CI, 70.12 ± 0.20) after six weeks. Serum LDL and HDLcholesterol and triacylglycerol levels were also unaffected. Conclusions: Yoghurt enriched with Lactobacillus acidophilus L-1 does not lower serum cholesterol in men and women with normal to borderline high cholesterol levels.

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Dietary α-linolenic acid is as effective as oleic acid and linoleic acid in lowering blood cholesterol in normolipidemic men

Cited by 130 publications

References 46 publications

Serum lipid profiles in Japanese women and men during consumption of walnuts

Serum lipid profiles in Japanese women and men during consumption of walnuts

Hypocholesterolemic Response to Karaya Saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus in Broiler Chickens

Yoghurt enriched with Lactobacillus acidophilus does not lower blood lipids in healthy men and women with normal to borderline high serum cholesterol levels

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