Dietary β-carotene and vitamin A and risk of Parkinson disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: The beneficial effects of dietary β-carotene and vitamin A on Parkinson disease (PD) have been confirmed, but some studies have yielded questionable results. Therefore, this meta-analysis investigated the effect of dietary β-carotene and vitamin A on the risk of PD. Methods: The following databases were searched for relevant paper: PubMed, Embase, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Med online, and Weipu databases for the relevant paper from 1990 to March 28, 2022. The studies included were as follows: β-carotene and vitamin A intake was measured using scientifically recognized approaches, such as food frequency questionnaire (FFQ); evaluation of odds ratios using OR, RR, or HR; β-carotene and vitamin A intake for three or more quantitative categories; and PD diagnosed by a neurologist or hospital records. Results: This study included 11 studies (four cohort studies, six case–control studies, and one cross-sectional study). The high β-carotene intake was associated with a significantly lower chance of developing PD than low β-carotene intake (pooled OR = 0.83, 95%CI = 0.74‐0.94). Whereas the risk of advancement of PD was not significantly distinctive among the highest and lowest vitamin A intake (pooled OR = 1.08, 95%CI = 0.91‐1.29). Conclusions: Dietary β-carotene intake may have a protective effect against PD, whereas dietary vitamin A does not appear to have the same effect. More relevant studies are needed to include into meta-analysis in the further, as the recall bias and selection bias in retrospective and cross-sectional studies cause misclassifications in the assessment of nutrient intake.

Comparison of Associations between MIND and Mediterranean Diet Scores with Patient-Reported Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease

“…The biochemical effect of nutrition on neurodegenerative disease has been recently reviewed in a systematic review, which reported that Mediterranean-like diets may protect neurons and slow neurodegeneration via several mechanisms of action [ 17 ]. Namely, the increased intake of polyphenols [ 44 ], resveratrol [ 45 ], omega-3 fatty acids [ 46 ], vitamin E, vitamin C [ 47 ], and carotenoids [ 47 , 48 ], from fruits and vegetables, olive oil, and red wine, has beneficial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties [ 19 ]. Another potential mechanism of action is via the modulation of gut microbiota by a diet high in fiber and polyphenols, which both increase the amount of beneficial bacteria in the microbial composition of the gut [ 49 , 50 ].…”

What Dietary Vitamins and Minerals Might Be Protective against Parkinson’s Disease?

“…Jamali et al, in a study on rats, showed that β-carotene has a therapeutic effect on PD conditions and inhibits the substantia nigra dopaminergic cell death [33]. In addition, Wu et al, in a meta-analysis study, concluded that consumption of dietary β-carotene, but not vitamin A intake, may have a protective effect against PD [34]. However, Hughes et al, in a prospective cohort study of 1036 people with PD, reported no significant association between dietary intakes of carotenoids and the risk of PD [35].…”

The Interplay of Sports and Nutrition in Neurological Health and Recovery

“…In their work on rats, Jamali et al showed that β-carotene has a therapeutic impact on diseases related to Parkinson's disease and prevents the death of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra [203]. Furthermore, Wu et al conducted a metaanalysis investigation and determined that the consumption of dietary β-carotene, rather than vitamin A intake, may provide a safeguarding effect against PD [204]. Nevertheless, Hughes et al conducted a meticulous investigation involving 1036 individuals with PD and found no substantial correlation between the consumption of carotenoids through food and the likelihood of developing PD [205].…”