Diferencias en La Composición Vegetal De Un Bosque De Araucaria Araucana(molina) K. Koch Y Nothofagus Antárctica(g. Forst.) Oerst: Asociadas a Un Gradiente De Invasión De Pinus Contortadouglas Ex Loudon

Urrutia, Jonathan; Pauchard, Aníbal; Garcı́a, R.

doi:10.4067/s0717-66432013000100010

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The second site in Chile was located in the Reserva Nacional Malalcahuello (CL2) and was dominated by sparse Araucaria araucana forest with areas of Nothofagus antarctica and an understorey composed of Festuca scabriuscula, Chusquea culeou and Gaultheria species. Here, the source populations were trial forestry plots planted 43 years ago (Peña et al, 2008;Urrutia et al, 2013). The site in Montana (USA) included sagebrush steppe dominated by Artemisia tridentata, Festuca idahoensis and Stipa species.…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, pine seeds are widely dispersed by wind and the seedlings are good colonizers of grasslands and shrublands (Richardson, 1998). In areas where they have been introduced and escaped, pines have had measurable impacts on native biodiversity (Ledgard & Paul, 2008;Pawson et al, 2010;Urrutia et al, 2013), nutrient cycling and soil microbial communities (Dehlin et al, 2008;Dickie et al, 2011Dickie et al, , 2014, and hydrological cycles (Farley et al, 2005;Fernandez et al, 2009). Pinus contorta Dougl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pinus contorta and other exotic pine species have been associated with biodiversity declines in their introduced ranges both within plantations Paritsis & Aizen, 2008) and where they have invaded into surrounding natural habitat (Ledgard & Paul, 2008;Dickie et al, 2011;Steers et al, 2013;Urrutia et al, 2013). Impacts have also been observed in the native range where conifer encroachment (hereafter called invasion) into meadows in western North America has altered soil biogeochemical cycles and microbial communities (Griffiths et al, 2005) and lowered meadow plant species diversity (Haugo & Halpern, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Native versus non‐native invasions: similarities and differences in the biodiversity impacts of Pinus contorta in introduced and native ranges

Taylor

Maxwell

Pauchard

et al. 2016

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim To determine whether one of the most invasive pine species introduced to the Southern Hemisphere, Pinus contorta, has changed plant species richness, composition, diversity, and litter depth where it has invaded into native open forest, shrub steppe and grassland communities and to assess whether changes were similar in its native and introduced ranges.Location R ıo Negro Province, Argentina; Ays en and Araucan ıa Regions, Chile; Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, USA. MethodsWe measured changes in plant species richness, species composition and cover, diversity, and litter depth associated with increasing P. contorta tree cover along the invasion front at three sites in the introduced range (Argentina and Chile) and one in the native range (Montana, USA).Results Plant species richness and cover generally declined with increasing P. contorta canopy cover, at similar rates in both the introduced and native ranges. However, plant cover was not affected by P. contorta in a forested setting in the introduced range. P. contorta invasion explained more of the decline in species richness in the introduced than native range. Native species composition changed more strongly across the invasion gradient in the introduced than native range. Litter depth increased more rapidly with P. contorta cover in the native than introduced range.Main conclusions Our results highlight the potential of pines to alter plant communities whether encroaching from forests in the native range or from plantations in the introduced range. Species richness and plant cover declined in both settings; however, individual species abundance and species composition were more impacted in the introduced range than in the native range. We suggest that invading trees have a greater capacity to cause ecological impacts in their introduced than in their native range, particularly where they represent a novel life-form.

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Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Native versus non‐native invasions: similarities and differences in the biodiversity impacts of Pinus contorta in introduced and native ranges

Taylor

Maxwell

Pauchard

et al. 2016

Diversity and Distributions

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“…Global Ecology and Biogeography, 25, 96-106, © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd large patches of N. antarctica and small areas of Pinus ponderosa plantation and Nothofagus pumilio forest (Langdon et al, 2010). The second Chilean site was located in Reserva Nacional Malalcahuello (CL2) and was dominated by Araucaria araucana woodland, had areas of N. antarctica and an understorey comprising mainly Chusquea culeou (Peña et al, 2008;Urrutia et al, 2013). The sites in New Zealand were all in the Canterbury Region on the South Island.…”

Section: Drivers Of Pine Invasions Vary Among Ecoregionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of plant invasion vary globally: evidence from pine invasions within six ecoregions

Taylor

Maxwell

Pauchard

et al. 2015

Global Ecology and Biogeography

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Aim To determine biotic and abiotic controls on pine invasion globally within six ecoregions that include both introduced and native ranges. Locations Río Negro province, Argentina; Aysén and Araucanía regions, Chile; South Island (two ecoregions), New Zealand; Greater Yellowstone ecosystem, USA. Methods We quantified tree abundance and size across invasion fronts of the widespread invasive tree species Pinus contorta at each of the nine sites, encompassing both the native and introduced range. We also determined the relative importance of propagule pressure, abiotic characteristics and biotic factors for invasion success. Finally, key plant population metrics such as individual tree growth rates and reproductive effort were compared between native and introduced ranges. Results Pinus contorta density decreased with increasing distance from source population in all cases, but the importance and shape of this relationship differed among sites due, primarily to biotic factors. For example, areas dominated by native southern beech forest (Fuscospora cliffortioides or Nothofagus spp.) were not invaded, and this biotic resistance was not overcome by high propagule pressure. In contrast, shrublands were more highly invaded than grasslands, contradicting previous generalizations about pine invasions. Pinus contorta growth was faster, age to maturity was earlier and reproductive effort was higher in the introduced ranges compared with the native range, suggesting a demographic shift towards more rapid population growth in introduced regions. Climatic differences between the ranges may explain, at least in part, the observed pattern. Main conclusions We demonstrate that although biological invasions are driven by propagule pressure across different ecoregions, these processes interact strongly with biotic factors. Intriguingly, our results suggest that propagule pressure may become less important than biotic interactions as invasions proceed. Multi‐region studies including both the native and introduced ranges provide unparalleled opportunities for understanding how these interactions change among regions as invasions proceed.

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“…A pesar de su alto valor ecológico y protección legal, actualmente los bosques de A. araucana presentan un alto riesgo de degradación, ya sea por tala (González & Veblen 2006), pastoreo de ganado (Fuentes-Ramírez et al 2011), sobrexplotación de sus semillas comestibles (piñones) y los efectos inducidos por incendios forestales sobre su composición comunitaria (González et al 2013, González & Lara 2015. Además, estos bosques están experimentando procesos recientes de invasión de especies exóticas, principalmente por las coníferas Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon y P. sylvestris L. (Urrutia et al 2013, Cóbar-Carranza 2014, y las herbáceas Hypochaeris radicata L., Leontodon taraxacoides Hoppe & Hornsch., Rumex acetosella L., Taraxacum officinale L. y Trifolium repens L. (Franzese et al 2017). Es sabido que estas últimas especies herbáceas están fuertemente asociadas a la presencia de ganado (Fuentes-Ramírez et al 2011) y a perturbaciones humanas como la habilitación de caminos y la degradación del bosque (González et al 2010, Fuentes et al 2014.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Diferencias en la composición florística en bosques de Araucaria- Nothofagus afectados por distintas severidades de fuego

2018

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Forest fires can produce significant impacts on the structure and functioning of natural ecosystems. In march 2015, a largescale forest fire affected Araucaria araucana-Nothofagus pumilio (araucaria-lenga) forests of high ecological value in National Reserve China Muerta (Chile, 38° S), where fire adaptations are rare among native plants. The goal of this research was to evaluate the initial changes of plant composition in the forest along a severity gradient (i.e., high, medium and low severity) one year after fire. It is hypothesized that areas more affected by fire will have different species composition from the less-fire-affected areas, with decreased richness and abundance of native species, but exotic species will be favored by the less severe fire. Twenty sampling plots of 100 m 2 each were established throughout the fire-severity gradient, including an adjacent unburned forest that served as reference. Species richness and abundance of all vascular plants (native and exotic) were recorded in each plot. We analyzed and compared species richness and abundance of natives and exotics, and the floristic composition and similarity between the different levels of severity. The results show that species richness and abundance were significantly lower in areas of high and medium fire-severity compared to areas less-affected by fire. The richness and abundance of exotic species were greater in areas of low fire-severity, which were subject to cattle grazing after the fire. This research shows a rapid compositional change in the vascular plant community in Araucaria-Nothofagus forests one year after fire, and raises the potential for change in the forest structure if dominant tree species are unable to recover after fire.

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Diferencias en La Composición Vegetal De Un Bosque De Araucaria Araucana(molina) K. Koch Y Nothofagus Antárctica(g. Forst.) Oerst: Asociadas a Un Gradiente De Invasión De Pinus Contortadouglas Ex Loudon

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Native versus non‐native invasions: similarities and differences in the biodiversity impacts of Pinus contorta in introduced and native ranges

Native versus non‐native invasions: similarities and differences in the biodiversity impacts of Pinus contorta in introduced and native ranges

Drivers of plant invasion vary globally: evidence from pine invasions within six ecoregions

Diferencias en la composición florística en bosques de Araucaria- Nothofagus afectados por distintas severidades de fuego

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