“…Elastin gives rise to elastic and viscoelastic deformation, while collagen contributes to the nonlinear stiffening with increased pressure [1,11]. Smooth muscle cells are the most important contributor to viscoelastic deformation [3,5,6,8,12,13,47]. It is widely known that the amount and distribution of fibrils and cells are altered in cardiovascular disease, for example, in patients with aneurysms [29], atherosclerosis [29], hypertension [2], implanted arteries [9], after pharmacological interventions [3], and in circulations with ventricular mechanical assist devices [7].…”