Difference of EGCg adhesion on cell surface between Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli visualized by electron microscopy after novel indirect staining with cerium chloride

Nakayama, Motokazu; Shigemune, Naofumi; Tsugukuni, Takashi; Tokuda, Harukuni; Miyamoto, Takahisa

doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2011.04.010

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…1, Top); bacillar and coccal cell shapes are modeled using short (S) or long (L) capsules, whose geometries approximate those of Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli, respectively ( Fig. 1, "Cells") (24,33). Although simple, these morphologies are ubiquitous and frequently found together in bacterial communities (4,7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell morphology drives spatial patterning in microbial communities

Smith

Davit

Osborne

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

154

138

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The clearest phenotypic characteristic of microbial cells is their shape, but we do not understand how cell shape affects the dense communities, known as biofilms, where many microbes live. Here, we use individual-based modeling to systematically vary cell shape and study its impact in simulated communities. We compete cells with different cell morphologies under a range of conditions and ask how shape affects the patterning and evolutionary fitness of cells within a community. Our models predict that cell shape will strongly influence the fate of a cell lineage: we describe a mechanism through which coccal (round) cells rise to the upper surface of a community, leading to a strong spatial structuring that can be critical for fitness. We test our predictions experimentally using strains of Escherichia coli that grow at a similar rate but differ in cell shape due to single amino acid changes in the actin homolog MreB. As predicted by our model, cell types strongly sort by shape, with round cells at the top of the colony and rod cells dominating the basal surface and edges. Our work suggests that cell morphology has a strong impact within microbial communities and may offer new ways to engineer the structure of synthetic communities.biofilms | cell morphology | biophysics | self-organization | synthetic biology S ingle-celled microorganisms such as bacteria display significant morphological diversity, ranging from the simple to the complex and exotic (1-3). Phylogenetic studies indicate that particular morphologies have evolved independently multiple times, suggesting that the myriad shapes of modern bacteria may be adaptations to particular environments (4-6). Microbes can also actively change their morphology in response to environmental stimuli, such as changes to nutrient levels or predation (7,8). However, understanding when and why particular cell shapes offer a competitive edge remains an unresolved question in microbiology.Previous studies have characterized selective pressures favoring particular shapes (7, 9-11): for example, highly viscous environments may select for the helical cell morphologies observed in spirochete bacteria (12). Thus far, these studies have predominantly focused on selective pressures acting at the level of the individual cell. However, many species live in dense, surfaceassociated communities known as biofilms, which are fundamental to the biology of microbes and how they affect us-playing major roles in the human microbiome, chronic diseases, antibiotic resistance, biofouling, and waste-water treatment (13-17). As a result, there has been an intensive effort in recent years to understand how the biofilm mode of growth affects microbes and their evolution (18, 19), but we know very little of the importance of cell shape for biofilm biology.In biofilms, microbial cells are often in close physical contact, making mechanical interactions between neighboring cells particularly significant. Recent studies have suggested that rodshaped cells can drive collective behaviors in microbial g...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell morphology drives spatial patterning in microbial communities

Smith

Davit

Osborne

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

154

138

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Bees may encounter this antioxidant in nature because Chinese beekeepers regularly move hives to tea plantations (Zheng et al, 2011) and secondary metabolites, such as EGCG, are often present in pollen and nectar (Detzel and Wink, 1993). Earlier studies using various animal models show that EGCG can improve survival under stress (Zhang et al, 2009), reduce oxidative damage (Kumaran et al, 2008) and protect against bacterial and fungal pathogens (Nakayama et al, 2011;Park et al, 2006). We first fed bees different doses of EGCG in sucrose solution to identify an EGCG dose that has positive effects on honeybee survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant supplementation can reduce the survival costs of excess amino acid intake in honeybees

Archer

Köhler

Pirk

et al. 2014

Journal of Insect Physiology

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Over-consuming amino acids is associated with reduced survival in many species, including honeybees. The mechanisms responsible for this are unclear but one possibility is that excessive intake of amino acids increases oxidative damage. If this is the case, antioxidant supplementation may help reduce the survival costs of high amino acid intake. We tested this hypothesis in African honeybees (Apis mellifera scutellata) using the major antioxidant in green tea, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). We first determined the dose-range of EGCG that improved survival of caged honeybees fed sucrose solution. We then provided bees with eight diets that differed in their ratio of essential amino acids (EAA) to carbohydrate (C) (0:1, 1:250, (1:250, 1:100 EAA:C). That EGCG counteracted the lifespan reducing effects of eating low EAA diets suggests that oxidative damage may be involved in the association between EAAs and lifespan in honeybees. However, that EGCG had no effect on survival in bees fed high EAA diets suggests that there are other physiological costs of over-consuming EAAs in honeybees.

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“…This method is based on the detection of large aggregates generated from the reaction of cerium and H 2 O 2 , which is generated by EGCg in alkaline environments, by electron microscopy. 14,15) Amounts of catechins adsorbed on the cell surfaces of Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, which are highly susceptible to catechins, are larger than those on Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, relatively resistant to catechins. 15) Among catechins examined to date, EGCg has the most potent antibacterial activity against E. coli.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism for the antibacterial action of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) on Bacillus subtilis

Nakayama

Shimatani

Ozawa

et al. 2015

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Catechins are a class of polyphenols and have high anti-bacterial activity against various microorganisms. Here, we report the mechanism for antibacterial activity of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, which is highly sensitive to EGCg. Transmission electron microscope analysis revealed that deposits containing EGCg were found throughout the cell envelope from the outermost surface to the outer surface of cytoplasmic membrane. Aggregating forms of proteins and EGCg were identified as spots that disappeared or showed markedly decreased intensity after the treatment with EGCg compared to the control by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Among the identified proteins included 4 cell surface proteins, such as oligopeptide ABC transporter binding lipoprotein, glucose phosphotransferase system transporter protein, phosphate ABC transporter substrate-binding protein, and penicillin-binding protein 5. Observations of glucose uptake of cells and cell shape B. subtilis after the treatment with EGCg suggested that EGCg inhibits the major functions of these proteins, leading to growth inhibition of B. subtilis.

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Difference of EGCg adhesion on cell surface between Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli visualized by electron microscopy after novel indirect staining with cerium chloride

Cited by 40 publications

References 25 publications

Cell morphology drives spatial patterning in microbial communities

Cell morphology drives spatial patterning in microbial communities

Antioxidant supplementation can reduce the survival costs of excess amino acid intake in honeybees

Mechanism for the antibacterial action of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg) on Bacillus subtilis

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