Differences between 9–11 year old British Pakistani and White British girls in physical activity and behavior during school recess

Pollard, Tessa M.; Hornby-Turner, Yvonne C; Ghurbhurrun, Adarshini; Ridgers, Nicola D.

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-1087

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…They found significant differences between the two ethnic groups for the average counts per minute overall and during break-time, with South Asians being less active during break-time [ 10 ]. Pollard et al 2012 examined differences in activity during break time in school, and found that British Pakistani girls were less active than White British children, which concurs with the findings from Eyre et al 2013 [ 25 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

“… Average counts/minute: White European: 481 South Asian: 452 [ 23 ] Owen et al 2009 9 to 10 London, Birmingham, Leicester Accelerometer worn for 7 days, during waking hours. Average counts/minute: Average counts/minute: Average counts/minute: White European: 498 White European: 537 White European: 463 South Asian: 457 South Asian: 510 South Asian: 414 Sedentary minutes/day: Sedentary minutes/day: Sedentary minutes/day: White European: 554 White European: 551 White European: 556 South Asian: 593 South Asian: 579 South Asian: 604 Moderate and vigorous minutes/day: Moderate and vigorous minutes/day: Moderate and vigorous minutes/day: White European: 70 White European: 77 White European: 62 South Asian: 65 South Asian: 73 South Asian: 57 Mean number of steps: Mean number of steps: Mean number of steps: White European: 10,220 White European: 10,882 White European: 9,660 South Asian: 9,314 South Asian: 10,202 South Asian: 8,571 [ 25 ] Pollard et al 2012 9 to 11 North East England Accelerometer worn for 2 school days Percentage of time sedentary during recess: White British: 54.5 % British Pakistani: 57.3 % Percentage of time in moderate and vigorous activity during recess: White British: 15.4 % British Pakistani: 12.9 % [ 9 ] Duncan et al 2012 8 to 11 Coventry Pedometers worn over 4 days Average weekday steps/day: ...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… [ 22 ] De Munter et al 2012 Cross sectional Indian (1,264) English European (14,723), English African (1,112) Male and Female 35 to 64 England Self-report questionnaire based on Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey [ 23 ] Owen et al 2009 Cross sectional South Asian (494) White European (562), Black African-Caribbean (607) Male and Female 9 to 10 London, Birmingham, Leicester Accelerometer worn for 7 days, during waking hours. [ 24 ] Pollard et al 2008 Cross sectional British Pakistani (60) European (25) Female 20 to 40 North East England Self-report, validated questionnaire -International Physical Activity Questionnaire [ 25 ] Pollard et al 2012 Cross sectional British Pakistani (67) White British (70) Female 9 to 11 North East England Accelerometer worn for 2 school days [ 26 ]Pomerleau et al 1999 Cross sectional South Asian (291) European (559), Afro-Caribbean (303) Female 40 to 69 London Self-report questionnaire [ 27 ] Riste et al 2001 Cross sectional Pakistani (132) European (471), African-Caribbean (316) Male and Female 35 to 79 Manchester Self-report validated questionnaire [ 28 ] Smith et al 2012 Cross sectional Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi White Male and Female 16 to 55 England Self-report questionnaire based on Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey [ 29 ] Williams et al 1994 Cross sectional South Asian (173) …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were also issues with the quality of measurement, both for ethnicity and physical activity. For the studies on children, ethnicity was measured through self-identification to pre-defined categories [ 9 , 13 , 14 , 18 , 21 , 23 , 25 ] (often through the parents) or through school records, where ethnicity is reported by the parents [ 7 , 8 , 10 , 11 , 30 ]. While self-identifying ethnicity is regarded as the best measure, assigning people to pre-defined categories or asking them to choose from a pre-defined list restricts the process of self-identification, and therefore the meaning of ethnicity.…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generational differences in the physical activity of UK South Asians: a systematic review

Bhatnagar

Shaw

Foster

2015

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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BackgroundSouth Asians are some of the least active people in the UK, but we know very little about how physical activity varies within and between different UK South Asian groups. There is much socio-economic and cultural heterogeneity among UK Indians, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis, and the same approaches to increasing physical activity may not be appropriate for all people of these ethnic groups. We report on the variation in physical activity behaviour prevalence in quantitative studies and the variations in attitudes, motivations and barriers to physical activity among South Asians in qualitative papers.MethodsWe performed systematic searches in MEDLINE, Embase and Psychinfo for papers written in English and published between 1990 and 2014. We also attempted to search literature not published in peer-review journals (the ‘grey’ literature). We reported data for the quantitative observational studies and synthesised themes from the qualitative literature according to age-group. We assessed the quality of studies using a National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence tool.ResultsWe included 29 quantitative papers and 17 qualitative papers. Thirteen papers reported on physical activity prevalence in South Asian children, with the majority comparing them to White British children. Four papers reported on adult second-generation South Asians and the rest reported on South Asian adults in general. Second-generation South Asians were more active than the first-generation but were still less active than the White British. There were no high quality qualitative studies on second-generation South Asian adults, but there were some studies on South Asian children. The adult studies indicated that the second-generation might have a more favourable attitude towards physical activity than the first-generation.ConclusionsThere is clear variation in physical activity levels among UK South Asians. Second-generation South Asians appear to be more physically active than the first-generation, but still less active than the White British. More qualitative research is needed to understand why, but there are indications that second-generation South Asians have a more positive attitude towards physical activity than the first-generation. Different strategies to increase physical activity may be needed for different generations of UK South Asians.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generational differences in the physical activity of UK South Asians: a systematic review

Bhatnagar

Shaw

Foster

2015

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act

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“…Other works also exist which are related to a different technique directly linked with play, System for Observing Children's Activity and Relationships, acronym SOCARP (Pollard, Hornby-Turner, Ghurbhurrun, & Ridgers, 2012;Powell, Woodfield, & Nevill, 2016;Ridgers, Fairclough, & Stratton, 2010 Ridgers, & Porteous, 2013;Woods, Graber, & Daum, 2012;Woods, Graber, Daum, & Gentry, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness indices evaluating time in physical education: Example in Motor Games

Moral¹,

Fernández-Revelles²,

Muros³

et al. 2018

Journal of Human Sport and Exercise - 2018 - Spring Conferences of Sports Science

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The time devoted to Physical Education classes is limited, but for many children and young people these classes are the only occasions on which they engage in physical activity and exercise. Since exercise is vital for health, it is important to use indices that provide information about the effectiveness of time invested specifically in the practice of motor activities during PE classes. We have proposed certain effectiveness indices that relate the time planned to the time actually spent in different categories: time for information, time for organisation, time for physical or motor activity and time for physical or motor activity fulfilling an objective. Various sessions of Motor Games have been evaluated, all of them corresponding to the university degree of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences. The results show that the proposed effectiveness indices could be very useful in managing time devoted to motor activity during PE lessons more effectively and in improving time planning in terms of the content of PE lessons.

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Factors associated with accelerometer measured movement behaviours among White British and South Asian children aged 6–8 years during school terms and school holidays

et al. 2019

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ObjectivesTo investigate factors associated with movement behaviours among White British (WB) and South Asian (SA) children aged 6–8 years during school terms and holidays.DesignCross-sectional.SettingThree primary schools from the Bradford area, UK.ParticipantsOne hundred and sixty WB and SA children aged 6–8 years.Primary and secondary outcomesSedentary behaviour (SB), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) measured by accelerometry during summer, winter and spring and during school terms and school holidays. Data were analysed using multivariate mixed-effects multilevel modelling with robust SEs. Factors of interest were ethnicity, holiday/term, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), weight status, weekend/weekday and season.ResultsOne hundred and eight children (67.5%) provided 1157 valid days of data. Fifty-nine per cent of children were WB (n=64) and 41% (n=44) were SA. Boys spent more time in MVPA (11 min/day, p=0.013) compared with girls and SA children spent more time in SB (39 min, p=0.017) compared with WB children in adjusted models. Children living in higher SES areas were more sedentary (43 min, p=0.006) than children living in low SES areas. Children were more active during summer (15 min MVPA, p<0.001; 27 LPA, p<0.001) and spring (15 min MVPA, p=0.005; 38 min LPA, p<0.001) and less sedentary (−42 min and −53 min, p<0.001) compared with winter. Less time (8 min, p=0.012) was spent in LPA during school terms compared with school holidays. Children spent more time in MVPA (5 min, p=0.036) during weekend compared with weekdays. Overweight and obese children spent more time in LPA (21 min, p=0.021) than normal-weight children.ConclusionThe results of our study suggest that significant child level factors associated with movement behaviours are ethnicity, sex, weight-status and area SES. Significant temporal factors are weekends, school holidays and seasonality. Interventions to support health enhancing movement behaviours may need to be tailored around these factors.

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Differences between 9–11 year old British Pakistani and White British girls in physical activity and behavior during school recess

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Generational differences in the physical activity of UK South Asians: a systematic review

Generational differences in the physical activity of UK South Asians: a systematic review

Effectiveness indices evaluating time in physical education: Example in Motor Games

Factors associated with accelerometer measured movement behaviours among White British and South Asian children aged 6–8 years during school terms and school holidays

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