Differences between men and women in dietary intakes and metabolic profile in response to a 12-week nutritional intervention promoting the Mediterranean diet

Leblanc, Valérie; Hudon, Anne-Marie; Royer, Mariana; Corneau, Louise; Dodin, Sylvie; Bégin, Catherine; Lemieux, Simone

doi:10.1017/jns.2015.2

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The sex-specific associations between industrial TFAs, conjugated linoleic acids and PC risk that we found in our analysis may reflect differences in hormone levels and dietary patterns between men and women. 31 However, the sample size may have been insufficient to detect robust statistical heterogeneity between genders and it is also possible that the results are due to chance. Replication in study populations with a larger number of cases or a wider intake of these FAs are required to confirm our findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tests for linear trend were performed by entering the median value of each tertile as continuous term in the multivariable models. Analyses were also stratified by sex because of differences in metabolic profile between men and women in response to nutritional interventions . We used a chi‐squared statistic to test for heterogeneity between log transformed percentiles of plasma phospholipid FAs by sex comparing the deviations of logistic beta‐coefficients observed in each subgroup relative to the overall beta‐coefficient .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analyses were also stratified by sex because of differences in metabolic profile between men and women in response to nutritional interventions. 31 We used a chi-squared statistic to test for heterogeneity between log transformed percentiles of plasma phospholipid FAs by sex comparing the deviations of logistic beta-coefficients observed in each subgroup relative to the overall beta-coefficient. 32 All multivariable models were adjusted for an a priori set of confounding factors that included BMI, height, alcohol intake (as continuous variables), history of diabetes mellitus (yes; no; 14.7% unknown), smoking status (never smokers; former smokers; current smokers; 1.5% unknown), education (none or primary school; secondary school; higher education; 3.7% unknown) and physical activity (inactive; moderately inactive; moderately active; active; 2.4% unknown, according to the Cambridge Physical Activity Index).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circulating plasma phospholipid fatty acids and risk of pancreatic cancer in a large European cohort

Matejcic

Lesueur

Biessy

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Cancer

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There are both limited and conflicting data on the role of dietary fat and specific fatty acids in the development of pancreatic cancer. In this study, we investigated the association between plasma phospholipid fatty acids and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. The fatty acid composition was measured by gas chromatography in plasma samples collected at recruitment from375 incident pancreatic cancer cases and375 matched controls. Associations of specific fatty acids with pancreatic cancer risk were evaluated using multivariable conditional logistic regression models with adjustment for established pancreatic cancer risk factors. Statistically significant inverse associations were found between pancreatic cancer incidence and levels of heptadecanoic acid (OR [odds ratio for highest versus lowest tertile] =0.63; 95%CI[confidence interval] = 0.41-0.98; p = 0.036), n-3 polyunsaturated α-linolenic acid (OR = 0.60; 95%CI = 0.39-0.92; p = 0.02) and docosapentaenoic acid (OR = 0.52; 95%CI = 0.32-0.85; p = 0.008). Industrial trans-fatty acids were positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk among men (OR = 3.00; 95%CI = 1.13-7.99; p = 0.029), while conjugated linoleic acids were inversely related to pancreatic cancer among women only (OR = 0.37; 95%CI = 0.17-0.81; p = 0.008). Among current smokers, the long-chain n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio was positively associated with pancreatic cancer risk (OR = 3.40; 95%CI = 1.39-8.34; p = 0.007). Results were robust to a range of sensitivity analyses. Our findings suggest that higher circulating levels of saturated fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may be related to lower risk of pancreatic cancer. The influence of some fatty acids on the development of pancreatic cancer may be sex-specific and modulated by smoking.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Circulating plasma phospholipid fatty acids and risk of pancreatic cancer in a large European cohort

Matejcic

Lesueur

Biessy

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Since our results were adjusted to age and use of antihypertensive medications only, other confounding factors such as socioeconomic, BMI, and other behavioral factors may explain the difference found between men and women. Some data suggest that sex‐related characteristics such as the level of sex hormones may interact with the results . Future research is needed to clarify the long‐term role of the LMD on BP prevention and management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension: A nationwide cross‐sectional study in Lebanon

Cherfan

Blacher

Asmar

et al. 2018

J of Clinical Hypertension

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There is limited epidemiologic data on hypertension (HTN) in Lebanon. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of HTN in the adult Lebanese population and evaluate the association between dietary and psychological factors on systolic blood pressure (SBP). Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using a multistage cluster sample across Lebanon. A total of 2014 participants were included. The prevalence and control rates of HTN were 31.2% and 28.7%, respectively. In women, educational level and physical activity were negatively associated with HTN (P < .05 for both) and adherence to the Lebanese Mediterranean diet was associated with a lower SBP. Other factors were associated with HTN in men. There was no relationship with SBP and psychological distress. Of the modifiable risk factors, body mass index persisted as the only contributory factor in both sexes (P < .01). Accordingly, prevention of HTN at the population level should focus mainly on overweight prevention.

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“…Lassen et al (2004) explores several strategies to successfully increase fruit and vegetable intake that might also be expected to reduce the amount of meat served in cafeteria settings, such as seeking inspiration from cuisines that tend to be plantbased or offering cooked vegetables as well as salads, since cooked vegetables are easier to digest in large portions. Researchers have also encouraged adoption of the Mediterranean diet for its health benefits (Leblanc et al 2015) since this diet has been shown to have a lower carbon footprint than typical western diets (van Dooren et al 2014). Other studies have found that participants who received statements of dynamic norms (namely that a growing fraction of the population have begun to eat less meat) were more likely to purchase meatless lunches than participants in a static norm or a control group (Sparkman and Walton 2017).…”

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring what works: quantifying greenhouse gas emission reductions of behavioural interventions to reduce driving, meat consumption, and household energy use

Wynes

Nicholas

Zhao

et al. 2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Interventions that promote pro-environmental behaviours are increasingly necessary in reducing use of high-emissions goods and services to meet international climate change targets. Here we assess the greenhouse gas emissions reductions associated with behavioural interventions in three high-emitting domains (personal vehicle use, meat consumption, and household energy use) based on an analysis of the peer-reviewed literature. We examined 40 studies from 1991-2018 involving 886 576 subjects. We found that some of the most robust interventions shown to reduce emissions were financial incentives for personal vehicles, defaults for reduced meat consumption, and feedback for home energy use. We estimate mean annual reductions of 571 kgCO 2 e per vehicle driver for reduced vehicle use, 51 kgCO 2 e per individual for reduced meat consumption, and 149 kgCO 2 e per household for reduced energy use. Despite substantial attention to behavioural interventions in the literature, we find that few studies are suitable for quantifying emissions reductions (N=6 for diet, N=5 for personal vehicles) and few (N=3) are conducted outside OECD countries. Due to this imbalance in the literature, we focus our findings on western economies. We find substantial variation in the emission reductions achieved with different interventions within each domain; interventions in diet ranged from reductions of 231 kgCO 2 e to increases of 116 kgCO 2 e per person per year (both statistically significant). Further, emissions reductions are sensitive to external factors, such as the emissions intensity of the electrical grid, which may change over time. Key gaps in the literature include a lack of studies conducted using randomized controlled trials or follow-ups, and in high-impact areas for emissions reductions including air travel. We highlight promising areas of intervention, such as habit changes to promote mode shifts in personal transportation, which would benefit from an analysis of greenhouse gas emissions reductions in future research.

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Differences between men and women in dietary intakes and metabolic profile in response to a 12-week nutritional intervention promoting the Mediterranean diet

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Circulating plasma phospholipid fatty acids and risk of pancreatic cancer in a large European cohort

Circulating plasma phospholipid fatty acids and risk of pancreatic cancer in a large European cohort

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension: A nationwide cross‐sectional study in Lebanon

Measuring what works: quantifying greenhouse gas emission reductions of behavioural interventions to reduce driving, meat consumption, and household energy use

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