Differences Between Physical vs. Virtual Evoked Vestibular Responses

Ashiri, Mehrangiz; Lithgow, Brian; Suleiman, Abdelbaset; Blakley, Brian W.; Mansouri, Behzad; Moussavi, Zahra

doi:10.1007/s10439-019-02446-3

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The immersion and presence offered by IVR further enhance its effectiveness, particularly when the affordances of IVR are matched with the teaching/training method (Makransky and Petersen 2021). It must be noted that IVR still has limitations in comparison to physical reality, to name a few in particular: differences in visual acuity, field of view, and the presence of cybersickness, the latter possibly linked to differences in vestibular response (Ashiri et al 2020). As the evidence for the effectiveness of IVR over other methods is mixed (Abich et al 2021;Radhakrishnan et al 2021b), one may ask: how can IVR training be improved?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the effectiveness of immersive VR skill training and its link to physiological arousal

2022

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This paper details the motivations, design, and analysis of a study using a fine motor skill training task in both VR and physical conditions. The objective of this between-subjects study was to (a) investigate the effectiveness of immersive virtual reality for training participants in the 'buzz-wire' fine motor skill task compared to physical training and (b) investigate the link between participants' arousal with their improvements in task performance. Physiological arousal levels in the form of electro-dermal activity (EDA) and ECG (Electrocardiogram) data were collected from 87 participants, randomly distributed across the two conditions. Results indicated that VR training is as good as, or even slightly better than, training in physical training in improving task performance. Moreover, the participants in the VR condition reported an increase in self-efficacy and immersion, while marginally significant differences were observed in the presence and the temporal demand (retrieved from NASA-TLX measurements). Participants in the VR condition showed on average less arousal than those in the physical condition. Though correlation analyses between performance metrics and arousal levels did not depict any statistically significant results, a closer examination of EDA values revealed that participants with lower arousal levels during training, across conditions, demonstrated better improvements in performance than those with higher arousal. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of VR in training and the potential of using arousal and training performance data for designing adaptive VR training systems. This paper also discusses implications for researchers who consider using biosensors and VR for motor skill experiments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the effectiveness of immersive VR skill training and its link to physiological arousal

2022

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“…The neuroanatomical connection of the retina with the vestibular processing areas of the brain supports the usage of VR in VeR. The cortical (e.g., insular cortex) and subcortical (e.g., vestibular nuclei) vestibular brain regions are multisensory and respond to both visual and physical stimuli (head or body movement) [48]. Potentials generated by visual input to the retina are transmitted to brain regions associated with the vestibular system and may affect neural activity in the vestibular system, bringing about vestibular modulation [49].…”

Section: Virtual Reality (Vr)mentioning

confidence: 87%

Vestibular Rehabilitation after Vestibulopathy Focusing on the Application of Virtual Reality

Matsumura

Murofushi

2021

JOHBM

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Human postural control is regulated by the vestibular, somatosensory, and visual systems. These types of sensory information are integrated in the central nervous system to ascertain the body’s position in space. Proper functioning of the vestibular, somatosensory, and visual senses is necessary for the body to maintain equilibrium. Bilateral vestibulopathy (BVP) is a condition in which bilateral peripheral vestibular function is reduced. Its treatment includes vestibular rehabilitation (VeR), balance training, counseling, treating the underlying cause, and avoiding further damage to the vestibular system. As VeR is often tedious for patients, patient motivation is required or patients may drop out of the program. To solve this problem, in recent years, there have been increasing reports of VeR using virtual reality, which increases vestibulo-ocular reflex gain and decreased dizziness by inducing adaptation. In this review, we discuss VeR, particularly for BVP, and VeR using virtual reality.

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“…Since this present study has found the potential link between cognition and postural sway, we will evaluate the vestibular and spatial cognitive functions distinctively in future research. For example, electrovestibulography (EVestG) can be a useful tool to evaluate the vestibular activity quantitatively while we measure postural sway and eye movements simultaneously (Brown et al, 2017 ; Ashiri et al, 2020 , 2021 ). The measurement device can be integrated into our comprehensive assessment system as prior research also combined it with a VR headset (Ashiri et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, along with the limitations mentioned above, the effect of VR environments designed to provoke behavioral reactions needs to be further inspected. We designed the VR scenery based on prior studies that found activated vestibular function by visual stimuli in HMD-based VR environments (Ashiri et al, 2020 ) and reported the potential activation of saccule and utricle by linear oscillation (Wei et al, 2019 ; Agrawal et al, 2020 ; Shaikh et al, 2020 ). However, the VR designs in this present study are not the same as those used in some other prior research and our experiment did not measure the vestibular function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Looking into the possible connection between the visual and vestibular systems, the researchers observed the effect of HMD-based VR visual stimuli on the vestibular function, finding that visual stimuli displayed in a VR headset provoked the vestibular system (refer to <3-6> with corresponding blue and green arrows in Figure 1 ) (Ashiri et al, 2020 ). The research measured the vestibular activity of the subjects in two different test conditions while they were sitting on a chair.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking cognitive functioning and postural balance control through virtual reality environmental manipulations

Imaoka

Hauri

Flury

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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BackgroundDementia is becoming a relevant problem worldwide. A simple screening at an early stage will be important to detect the risk of developing dementia. Vestibular dysfunction is likely to be associated with cognitive impairment. Since head-mounted display (HMD) virtual reality (VR) technology has the potential to activate the vestibular function, assessing postural sway with visual stimulation using HMD VR technology could be potentially useful for dementia screening.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of HMD-based VR visual stimuli on posture in older adults and the relationship between the stimulated body sway behaviors and cognitive performance.MethodUsing a cross-sectional study design, we investigated the effect of an optokinetic design-based room with stripes (OKR) VR environment oscillating forwards and backwards at 23/60Hz. Center of pressure (COP) displacement was measured in older adults aged 65 years and over in the OKR VR environment. The frequency response of COP was compared to the cognitive performance of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).Results20 healthy older adults (70.4 ± 4.9 years; 27.2 ± 1.6 MoCA score) and 3 people with mild cognitive impairment (74.7 ± 4.0 years; 20.3 ± 2.1 MoCA score) were assessed. The results reveal that the oscillating OKR VR environment induced different postural sway in the anterior-posterior direction in the real world. Correlation analysis shows that the cognitive test score was associated with the frequency response of stimulated postural sway in the anterior-posterior direction (frequency Band 1 of 0−0.5Hz related to the visual and vestibular systems: rs = 0.45, P = 0.03).ConclusionOutcomes would suggest that a potential link may emerge between cognition and posture when the HMD-based VR visual stimuli are applied. The simple screening of stimulated postural sway could explain cognitive functioning. Further studies are warranted to clarify the vestibular system and spatial cognitive function more specifically in the proposed assessment system.

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Differences Between Physical vs. Virtual Evoked Vestibular Responses

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Investigating the effectiveness of immersive VR skill training and its link to physiological arousal

Investigating the effectiveness of immersive VR skill training and its link to physiological arousal

Vestibular Rehabilitation after Vestibulopathy Focusing on the Application of Virtual Reality

Linking cognitive functioning and postural balance control through virtual reality environmental manipulations

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