Differences in Chemical Composition of Soil Organic Carbon Resulting From Long-Term Fertilization Strategies

Li, Zengqiang; Zhao, Bingzi; Wang, Qingyun; Cao, Xiaoyan; Zhang, Jiabao

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0124359

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The alkyl C (0–44 ppm) region showed signals from CH 2 groups, such as those from long-chain polymethylene structures (e.g., fatty acids, waxes, and biopolyesters) and terminal methyl groups from both alkyl compounds and acetyl substituents in plant hemicellulose [ 41 ]. In the region of 44–64 ppm, the bands assigned to the methoxyl C (O-CH 3 ) and N-alkyl groups (NCH) were likely derived from guaiacyl and syringyl lignin components, and/or C-N bonds in amino acids or peptides, respectively [ 35 ]. The signals of O-alkyl C (64–93ppm) represented the overlapping resonances of carbons in the pyranoside structure of cellulose and hemicellulose [ 41 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The signals of O-alkyl C (64–93ppm) represented the overlapping resonances of carbons in the pyranoside structure of cellulose and hemicellulose [ 41 ]. The peak of anomeric C (93–113 ppm) was associated with the anomeric C-1 carbon of cellulose and hemicellulose present in plant material [ 35 ]. The broad band around (113–142 ppm) was attributed to the presence of lignin-derived aromatic C [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decomposition Dynamics and Changes in Chemical Composition of Wheat Straw Residue under Anaerobic and Aerobic Conditions

et al. 2016

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Soil aeration is a crucial factor that regulates crop residue decomposition, and the chemical composition of decomposing crop residues may change the forms and availability of soil nutrients, such as N and P. However, to date, differences in the chemical composition of crop straw residues after incorporation into soil and during its decomposition under anaerobic vs. aerobic conditions have not been well documented. The objective of the present study was to assess changes in the C-containing functional groups of wheat straw residue during its decomposition in anaerobic and aerobic environments. A 12-month incubation experiment was carried out to investigate the temporal variations of mass, carbon, and nitrogen loss, as well as changes in the chemical composition of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) straw residues under anaerobic and aerobic conditions by measuring C-containing functional groups using solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The residual mass, carbon content, and nitrogen content of the straw residue sharply declined during the initial 3 months, and then slowly decreased during the last incubation period from 3 to 12 months. The decomposition rate constant (k) for mass loss under aerobic conditions (0.022 d-1) was higher than that under anaerobic conditions (0.014 d-1). The residual mass percentage of cellulose and hemicellulose in the wheat straw gradually declined, whereas that of lignin gradually increased during the entire 12-month incubation period. The NMR spectra of C-containing functional groups in the decomposing straw under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions were similar at the beginning of the incubation as well as at 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months. The main alterations in C-containing functional groups during the decomposition of wheat straw were a decrease in the relative abundances of O-alkyl C and an increase in the relative abundances of alkyl C, aromatic C and COO/N-C = O functional groups. The NMR signals of alkyl C and aromatic C in decomposing wheat straw residues under anaerobic condition were higher than those under aerobic conditions. The higher mass percentages of lignin and the higher signals of aromatic C and alkyl C functional groups in decomposing wheat residues under anaerobic conditions than under aerobic conditions were due to the slower decomposition rates of aryl C and alkyl C in wheat straw residues under anaerobic conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition Dynamics and Changes in Chemical Composition of Wheat Straw Residue under Anaerobic and Aerobic Conditions

et al. 2016

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“…In our study, PK had the highest alkyl C contents and the lowest O-alkyl content ( Table 2), suggesting that soil organic carbon has high stability the stability under PK. The different proportion of O-alkyl C under different revegetation types could be attributed to the different litter and root residues in soil [72]. The structure and chemical properties of soil organic carbonization significantly affect the decomposition rate.…”

Section: The Effect Of Different Revegetation Types On Soc Chemical Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Organic Carbon Chemical Functional Groups under Different Revegetation Types Are Coupled with Changes in the Microbial Community Composition and the Functional Genes

Deng

Zhu

Zhou

et al. 2019

Forests

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Different revegetatiom types can affect the chemical composition of soil organic carbon (SOC), soil microbial community and the functional genes related to carbon cycle. However, the relationships between SOC chemical functional groups and soil microbial communities and the functional genes remains poorly unclear under different revegetation types. Using the solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we examined changes in the SOC chemical composition of five soils (0–10 cm depth) from Larix gmelinii Rupr. (LG), Pinus koraiensis Sieb. (PK), Quercus mongolica Fisch. (QM), Juglans mandshurica Maxim. (JM), and conifer-broadleaf forest (CB). And the soil microbial community genes related to metabolism of macro-molecular compounds were determined via whole genome shotgun based on Illumina HiSeq. Our results indicated that broadleaf forests (JM, QM) had increased the contents of soil total carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC), compared with coniferous forests (LG, PK) and the conifer-broadleaf forest (CB). While, the coniferous forests generated a lower O-alcoxyl C, a higher alkyl C, and the ratio of alkyl C/O-alkyl C than broadleaf forests. A total of four kingdoms were identified via whole metagenome shotgun sequencing, including eight archaea, 55 bacteria, 15 eukaryota, and two viruses, giving a total 80 phyla. The contents of alkyne C, phenolic C, methoxyl C, COO/NC=O, and alkyl C were strong related to the composition of soil microbial community and their contents illuminated a major part of the variation in soil microbial composition. We detected seven corresponding macro-molecular compounds of different organic carbon functional group, and 244 genes related to metabolism across all samples, and soil total C, total N, and DOC could be the main factors for microbial functional gene composition. Interestingly, the relative abundances of different SOC chemical functional groups, the phylogenetic distance for microbes, the genes of C cycling based on the KEGG database, and the relative abundance of genes related to metabolism of macro-molecular compounds of different SOC chemical functional groups under different revegetation types all could be divided into three groups, including PK plus LG, JM plus QM, and CB. Our results also illustrated that variations in SOC chemical functional groups were strongly associated with changes of soil microbial community taxa and functional genes, which might be affected by the changes of soil characteristics.

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“…The higher the dose there can be enhanced mineralization and resulted in unstable organic compounds. In the N fertilization treatments, some organic substances such as: O-alkyl C and carboxyl C may also further promote microbial growth and consequently increase the decomposition of recalcitrant organic C [Li et al 2015].…”

Section: Soil Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Different Doses of N Fertilization on the Parameters of Soil Organic Matter and Soil Sorption Complex

Šimanský¹,

Kováčik²,

Jończak³

2017

J. Ecol. Eng.

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Mineral N fertilizer application may have an effect on soil organic matter and other soil parameters. Therefore, we studied the effects of different doses of N fertilization on soil organic matter and chemical properties of Haplic Luvisol in the locality of Dolná Malanta (Slovakia) during 2014-2016. Soil samples were collected from the plots exposed to the following treatments: 1. The results showed that in N80 the soil organic carbon (SOC) content increased by 32% in comparison to N0. The addition of 80 kg ha -1 of N significantly decreased the humic substances (HS) content in the soil by 16% compared to N0. The higher doses of N fertilization 80 rather than 40 kg ha -1 as well as 240 rather than 160 kg ha -1 significantly decreased humus stability. The addition of N fertilization decreased the average values of soil pH. Values of hydrolytic acidity (Ha) increased by 41% and 46% in N40 and N80, respectively than N0, but on the other hand, this one decreased by 36% and 27% in N160 and N240, respectively in comparison to N0. Positive statistically significant correlations were determined between soil pH and SOC in N40 and N80 treatments. The increase of soil pH was connected with higher humus quality in N160 and N240. Negative correlations between humic acids (HA) and sum of basic cations (SBC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were observed in N80 < N160 < N240 treatments. Higher values of fulvic acids corresponded with lesser CEC in N80 and N160 treatments. In N160, with increased humus quality, CEC significantly decreased. The same effect was observed in N240. In addition, in N240, we also observed that with increased HA:FA ratio SBC and base saturation significantly decreased.

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Differences in Chemical Composition of Soil Organic Carbon Resulting From Long-Term Fertilization Strategies

Cited by 27 publications

References 41 publications

Decomposition Dynamics and Changes in Chemical Composition of Wheat Straw Residue under Anaerobic and Aerobic Conditions

Decomposition Dynamics and Changes in Chemical Composition of Wheat Straw Residue under Anaerobic and Aerobic Conditions

Soil Organic Carbon Chemical Functional Groups under Different Revegetation Types Are Coupled with Changes in the Microbial Community Composition and the Functional Genes

The Effect of Different Doses of N Fertilization on the Parameters of Soil Organic Matter and Soil Sorption Complex

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