Differences in dry weight partitioning and flowering phenology between native and non-native plants of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.)

Bastlová, Daša; Květ, Jan

doi:10.1078/0367-2530-00049

Cited by 52 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Introduced populations of Silene latifolia tend to flower earlier and longer than native ones (Wolfe et al 2004), which might expose them to early or late frosts. However, introduced and expanding native plant species do not differ in the timing of the onset of flowering or in the duration of flowering in the UK or Netherlands (Thompson et al 1995), and there are few additional studies that compare the phenology of introduced and native species (Bastlova and Kvet 2002). Even transient invasions may still cause the extinction of natives or have other persistent effects on ecological systems (Simberloff and Gibbons 2004).…”

Section: Reckless Invadermentioning

confidence: 97%

The advantages and disadvantages of being introduced

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Reckless Invadermentioning

confidence: 97%

The advantages and disadvantages of being introduced

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Considering that the onset of flowering in invasive plants is approximately ten days later than in native plants (Bastlova´and Kveˇt 2002), it appears that invasive plants have developed a strategy of a more extended period of vegetative growth before flowering, which might potentially contribute to increased fitness in successive years. In the first year of growth by a perennial plant, it might be advantageous to allocate more energy to vegetative growth and storage rather than sexual reproduction.…”

Section: Reaction Norm Vectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Plasticity of Native vs. Invasive Purple Loosestrife: A Two-State Multivariate Approach

Chun

Collyer

Moloney

et al. 2007

Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The differences in phenotypic plasticity between invasive (North American) and native (German) provenances of the invasive plant Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) were examined using a multivariate reaction norm approach testing two important attributes of reaction norms described by multivariate vectors of phenotypic change: the magnitude and direction of mean trait differences between environments. Data were collected for six life history traits from native and invasive plants using a split-plot design with experimentally manipulated water and nutrient levels. We found significant differences between native and invasive plants in multivariate phenotypic plasticity for comparisons between low and high water treatments within low nutrient levels, between low and high nutrient levels within high water treatments, and for comparisons that included both a water and nutrient level change. The significant genotype 3 environment (G 3 E) effects support the argument that invasiveness of purple loosestrife is closely associated with the interaction of high levels of soil nutrient and flooding water regime. Our results indicate that native and invasive plants take different strategies for growth and reproduction; native plants flowered earlier and allocated more to flower production, while invasive plants exhibited an extended period of vegetative growth before flowering to increase height and allocation to clonal reproduction, which may contribute to increased fitness and invasiveness in subsequent years. Abstract. The differences in phenotypic plasticity between invasive (North American) and native (German) provenances of the invasive plant Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife) were examined using a multivariate reaction norm approach testing two important attributes of reaction norms described by multivariate vectors of phenotypic change: the magnitude and direction of mean trait differences between environments. Data were collected for six life history traits from native and invasive plants using a split-plot design with experimentally manipulated water and nutrient levels. We found significant differences between native and invasive plants in multivariate phenotypic plasticity for comparisons between low and high water treatments within low nutrient levels, between low and high nutrient levels within high water treatments, and for comparisons that included both a water and nutrient level change. The significant genotype 3 environment (G 3 E) effects support the argument that invasiveness of purple loosestrife is closely associated with the interaction of high levels of soil nutrient and flooding water regime. Our results indicate that native and invasive plants take different strategies for growth and reproduction; native plants flowered earlier and allocated more to flower production, while invasive plants exhibited an extended period of vegetative growth before flowering to increase height and allocation to clonal reproduction, which may contribute to increased fitness and invasiveness in subsequent ...

show abstract

“…Pollination and seed set in sympatric co-flowering native species are reduced in the presence of L. salicaria (Grabas and Laverty 1999), and expanding the flowering time for L. salicaria could increase the extent and intensity of this effect. The competitive strategy of alien L. salicaria emphasizes early season vegetative development (Bastlovµ and Květ 2002). Starch reserves are mobilized from a common pool to support both vegetative and reproductive growth in L. salicaria (Stamm Katovich et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a common greenhouse experiment, Bastlovµ and Květ (2002) observed a 10-day delay in the flowering of alien (North American) compared to native (European) L. salicaria plants, which they attributed to an ecotypic variation in alien plants that increases allocation to vegetative growth over reproduction during the early part of the growing season. Rapid spring growth provides alien L. salicaria plants with access to light and space and a competitive advantage over other species; however, there is also evidence that delayed flowering reduces seed production in this species (O'Neil 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Resource allocation to growth over anti-herbivore defense in the absence of natural enemies (Blossey and Nötzold 1995), low leaf biomass construction costs relative to competing species (Nagel and Griffin 2001) and high phenotypic plasticity (Bastlovµ and Květ 2002) have all been proposed as explanations for the high competitive ability of L. salicaria in North America. The success of L. salicaria could also be related to advantageous phenological patterns, which contribute to competition avoidance, prolonged flowering and seed dispersal in some invasive species (Zotz et al 2000;Meyer 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rapid growth and early flowering in an invasive plant, purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.) during an El Ni�o spring

Dech

Nosko

2004

Int J Biometeorol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phenological shifts may play a role in the success of invasive species, especially in association with climatic variability. We studied the response of a North American population of the invasive plant, Lythrum salicaria L., to changes in local climate associated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation Event (ENSO) of 1997-1998. For L. salicaria plants at two wetland sites near North Bay, Ontario, Canada, we made weekly observations of flowering phenology and monthly measurements of aboveground biomass during the 1997 and 1998 growing seasons (April-October). Reproductive output was measured as cumulative length and biomass of inflorescences at the end of the growing season. Temperature and precipitation during the 1997 growing season were typical for the region and provided good baseline data for comparison to the full effects of the ENSO event in 1998, which increased spring temperatures and reduced precipitation in the study area. In response to these conditions, populations of L. salicaria began to flower 14 days earlier (Julian day = 181 +/- 10) in 1998 than in 1997 (Julian day = 195 +/- 12), and accumulated more aboveground biomass early in the growing season (P < 0.05). However, by the end of the growing season, there were no significant differences between years in aboveground biomass or total inflorescence lengths, and senescence of plants occurred at similar times for both growing seasons. Advances in spring phenology during ENSO events offer several potential advantages to L. salicaria, and could have a significant impact on biological control programs initiated for this species in North America.

show abstract

Differences in dry weight partitioning and flowering phenology between native and non-native plants of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.)

Cited by 52 publications

References 23 publications

The advantages and disadvantages of being introduced

The advantages and disadvantages of being introduced

Phenotypic Plasticity of Native vs. Invasive Purple Loosestrife: A Two-State Multivariate Approach

Rapid growth and early flowering in an invasive plant, purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria L.) during an El Ni�o spring

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About