Differences in Ozone Sensitivity at Different NPK Levels of Three Tropical Varieties of Mustard (Brassica campestris L.): Photosynthetic Pigments, Metabolites, and Antioxidants

Abstract

The effects of ambient O 3 at two different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, (recommended and 1.5 times the recommended NPK) on three tropical varieties of mustard (Brassica campestris L. var. Kranti, Aashirwad and Vardan) were explored to unravel the mechanism of protection under higher NPK level at a rural experimental site using open top chambers. Ambient O 3 concentrations ranged from 27.7 to 59.04 ppb. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidative enzymes, and metabolites were higher, whereas photosynthetic pigments and protein were lower in all the varieties of mustard grown in non-filtered chambers than in filtered chambers. The magnitude of response varied with varieties, NPK levels and ages. Vardan showed a maximum stimulation in the antioxidative defense system, thus efficient scavenging of ROS produced by O 3 and consequently conferred greater tolerance in terms of least reductions in pigments and protein as compared to Kranti and Aashirwad. The antioxidant defense system was not stimulated in response to 1.5 times the recommended NPK, but higher levels of pigments and protein were maintained compared to the recommended NPK under ambient O 3 levels.

Optimisation of ultrasound‐assisted extraction of natural antioxidants from mustard seed cultivars

“…Phenolic compounds in mustard varieties were determined by different analytical methods. Among them, a spectrophotometric method using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent has often been proposed for assaying total phenolics content (2.62–36.5 mg g −1 ) in mustard samples . However, for separation, identification and quantification of the individual phenolic compounds chromatographic techniques are required .…”

The ability of three climbing plant species to capture particulate matter and their physiological responses at different environmental sampling sites

“…Singh observed a significant increase in oxidative stress in mustard under exposure to ozone (O 3 ), leading to a significant decrease in the photosynthetic pigment and soluble protein content in leaves, while strengthening antioxidant defense systems to resist its effects (Singh et al, 2011;Singh et al, 2020). In summary, PM can enter plants through stomata and affect them by inducing the formation of reactive oxygen species and redox-sensitive signaling pathways that exert toxicity through the synergistic effects of oxidative stress and inflammation (Michael et al, 2013).…”

Ozone control as a novel method to improve health-promoting bioactive compounds in red leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

“…But only a few studies have shown that ozone has an effect on the stages of growth in herbaceous plants such as leafy vegetables. In the case of leafy vegetables such as Brassica (mustard, oilseed rape), there have been many studies related to ozone response based on crop or cultivars ( Abedi and Pakniyat, 2010 ; Singh et al., 2011 ). When growing lettuce in a PFAL, it is important to monitor the ozone response as an elicitor because lettuce has a high economic and commercial value.…”