Differences in the kinetics of the mineralization process in endochondral and intramembranous osteogenesis in human fetal development

Abstract

About 300 samples of bone tissue from femoral diaphyses and from parietal bones of calvaria were collected from human fetuses aged from 6-8 to 40-41 weeks in order to compare the kinetics of the mineralization process in endochondral and intramembranous bone formation. The crystallinity of bone mineral was evaluated by the method based on electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry, and mineral content was measured after ashing of the samples. Highly significant differences in the kinetics of deposition of mineral (ash content) and maturation of deposited mineral (crystallinity coefficient) were found between parietal bones and femoral diaphyses in the course of fetal development. In the early stages of development (6-8 to 10-12 weeks), the content of mineral and its crystallinity in parietal bones were significantly lower than in femoral diaphyses. In the parietal bones a gradual increase in both values was observed until they reached a plateau at the age of 30 weeks. On the other hand, in femoral diaphyses of 6-8-week-old fetuses mineral content was high and deposited mineral showed a high degree of crystallinity. Both these values did not change significantly until birth. The differences in kinetics of the mineralization process between the weight-bearing bones and bones that are not exposed to the influence of strong external forces are most probably genetically conditioned. The collected data supply embryological information and might be used in the future for evaluation of pathologic changes in skeletal development.

Comparative study between tissue‐engineered periosteum and structural allograft in rabbit critical‐sized radial defect model

“…The theory of intramembranous ossification brings about a hypothesis that a biomimetic equivalent of periosteum may simulate the natural osteogenesis through intramembranous ossification. 12 Some researchers had histologically analyzed the structure of actual periosteum, and constructed an artificial periosteum by incorporating osteogenic differentiated bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and cobalt chloride [CoCl(2)]-treated BMSCs. The engineered periostea were proved to be promising to enhance osteogenesis.…”

Electrospun Fibers Improving Cellular Respiration via Mitochondrial Protection

“…[ 20,21 ] Bone fractures are often accompanied by damage and defects in periosteum, which is not conducive to the repair and healing of fractures. [ 22,23 ] Therefore, in the process of bone repair, the simulation and repair of the periosteum through biomaterials can effectively promote bone regeneration and accelerate the process of fracture healing. [ 24 ] Patients with diabetes often fail to achieve satisfactory early healing of their fractures due to their own underlying diseases.…”

Evaluation of immunocompatibility of tissue-engineered periosteum

“…Putatively, intramembranous ossification is one of the fundamental approaches for osseous tissue development [6,7]. Studies have proved the feasibility of bony defect reparation through natural periosteal transplantation [8,9].…”