Differences in the metabolic status of healthy adults with and without active brown adipose tissue

Zhang, Qiongyue; Ye, Hongying; Miao, Qi; Zhang, Zhaoyun; Wang, Yichuan; Zhang, Xiaoming; Zhang, Shuo; Zuo, Chuantao; Zhang, Zhengwei; Huang, Zhemin; Xue, Ruidan; Zeng, Meifang; Huang, Haiyan; Jin, Wanzhu; Tang, Qi‐Qun; Guan, Yihui; Li, Yiming

doi:10.1007/s00508-013-0431-2

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Moreover, recent studies on the effects of BAT transplantation in mice have indicated possible roles of BAT in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism through some body fat-independent mechanisms [12,13]. A significant independent impact of BAT on blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c was also shown in humans [58,59]. These findings collectively suggest that BAT may also be involved in the etiology of glucose intolerance, independently of and/or secondly to obesity.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Human brown adipose tissue: regulation and anti-obesity potential [Review]

Saito

2014

Endocr J

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Abstract. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the site of sympathetically activated adaptive thermognenesis during cold exposure and after hyperphagia, thereby controlling whole-body energy expenditure (EE) and body fat. Radionuclide imaging studies have demonstrated that adult humans have metabolically active BAT composed of mainly beige/brite adipocytes, recently identified brown-like adipocytes. The inverse relationship between the BAT activity and body fatness suggests that BAT is, because of its energy dissipating activity, protective against body fat accumulation in humans as it is in small rodents. In fact, either repeated cold exposure or daily ingestion of some food ingredients acting on transient receptor potential channels recruits BAT in parallel with increased EE and decreased body fat. In addition to the sympathetic nervous system, several endocrine factors are also shown to recruit BAT. Thus, BAT is a promising therapeutic target for combating human obesity and related metabolic disorders.Key words: Beige/brite adipocyte, Body fat, Brown adipose tissue, Energy expenditure, ObesityIn mAmmAls, there are two types of adipose tissue, white and brown adipose tissues, which are quite different in the physiological functions. White adipose tissue (WAT) is the site of energy storage, while brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized for non-shivering thermogenesis to dissipate energy as heat. In small rodents, BAT has long been recognized as the major site of sympathetically activated adaptive thermogenesis during cold exposure and probably after spontaneous overfeeding. This specific thermogenic organ has currently gathered increasing attention as a therapeutic target for combating human obesity and related metabolic disorders [1][2][3]. This is because of several remarkable advancements in BAT research over the last few years. First, being against the conventional view that human BAT is functional only in neonates, recent radionuclide imaging studies have revealed the existence of a considerable amount of BAT in adult humans [4][5][6][7]. There are now piles of evidence indicating BAT as a significant regulatory site of wholebody energy expenditure (EE) and body fatness in not only small rodents but also humans. Second, studies in rodent models revealed two types of themogenic adipocytes arising from distinct developmental lineages: "classical" brown adipocytes" and "beige/brite" adipocytes [8, 9]. Several key transcriptional regulators and signaling molecules in the developmental pathways of brown and beige/brite adipocytes have been identified [10]. Third, while the sympathetic nervous system is a central regulator of BAT function, several endocrine/ paracrine molecules were also identified as significant activators/recruiters of BAT [11]. Lastly, some studies investigating the effects of BAT transplantation suggest possible roles of BAT in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism through some body fat-independent mechanisms [12, 13]. Based on these findings, this review summarizes the regulatory mechan...

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Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Human brown adipose tissue: regulation and anti-obesity potential [Review]

Saito

2014

Endocr J

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“…However, although ABAT has been shown to play an important role in the clearance of plasma lipids and to effectively treat hyperlipidaemia in animal studies, no study including an appropriate control group has yet been performed in humans [6,7]. Therefore, we here investigated the relationship between the presence of ABAT and blood lipid profiles, liver function, and NAFLD prevalence in patients undergoing 18 F-FDG PET/CT examinations for suspicion or staging of a malignancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…As the outdoor temperature is related to 18 F-FDG uptake in ABAT [9], the outdoor temperatures in Istanbul for the dates of the scans were obtained from the Regional Meteorological Centre. Taking into consideration the regional outdoor temperatures and patient age, sex, fasting plasma glucose level, and BMI, each ABAT(+) patient was enrolled together with three matched ABAT(−) patients.…”

Section: Study Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 F-FDG uptake in ABAT(+) subjects was evaluated visually and semiquantitatively using average and maximum standard uptake values on PET/CT. ABAT(+) patients were considered those who showed focal FDG uptake exceeding normal regional tracer accumulation and/or SUV max values >2.0 in tissue with a density between −250 and −50 HU and a fat-like appearance on CT scans at characteristic locations unrelated to muscle, joints and pathological findings (Fig.…”

Section: Study Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a significant amount of BAT rapidly disappears after the neonatal period, some BAT continues to exist in adults for many decades [2]. The most suitable and widespread method for imaging activated BAT (ABAT) is 18 F-FDG PET/CT. This method has become one of the routine oncological imaging modalities in recent years, owing to its ability to display increased glucose metabolism [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of active brown adipose tissue in human metabolism

Özgüven

Öneş

Yılmaz

et al. 2015

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Brown adipose tissue, energy expenditure, and biomarkers of cardio‐metabolic health among the Yakut (Sakha) of northeastern Siberia

Lévy

Климова

Zakharova

et al. 2018

American J Hum Biol

105

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Objectives: This study provides the first investigation of non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity among an indigenous circumpolar population, the Yakut of northeastern Siberia. The study also examines the health significance of BAT activity in this population by testing the relationships between BAT thermogenesis and biomarkers of cardio-metabolic disease risk, such as percent body fat and blood glucose and cholesterol levels. Methods: Data were collected in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) for 31 men and 43 women. Change in energy expenditure and BAT thermogenesis were quantified after a 30-minute mild cooling condition. Anthropometric dimensions, blood glucose, and lipid levels were also collected. Results: On average, the skin temperature of the supraclavicular area was constant after cooling while the skin temperature of a point on the sternum dropped significantly (P < .001), thus suggesting the presence of active supraclavicular BAT among Yakut adults. Participants with evidence of greater BAT thermogenesis exhibited a larger percent change in energy expenditure (% ΔEE) and an increase in respiratory quotient (RQ) after cooling (P ≤ .05). While there was no relationship between BAT activity and blood lipid levels, BAT thermogenesis was positively associated with blood glucose levels (P < .01). Conclusions: Yakut adults exhibit evidence of active BAT deposits. Given that there is a significant relationship between BAT activity and % ΔEE, it is possible that BAT plays a role in NST among Yakut adults. While the relationship between BAT and body composition is inconclusive, participants with greater BAT seemed to preferentially utilize glucose during cold stress exposure.

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Differences in the metabolic status of healthy adults with and without active brown adipose tissue

Abstract: The healthy adults with active BAT in an un-stimulated state had favorable metabolic profiles suggesting that active BAT may be a potential target for preventing and treating obesity and other metabolic disorders.

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Human brown adipose tissue: regulation and anti-obesity potential [Review]

Human brown adipose tissue: regulation and anti-obesity potential [Review]

The role of active brown adipose tissue in human metabolism

Brown adipose tissue, energy expenditure, and biomarkers of cardio‐metabolic health among the Yakut (Sakha) of northeastern Siberia

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