Different approaches in the study of urban form

Pinho, Paulo; Oliveira, Vítor

doi:10.1080/17549170903083676

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…That theory focuses on the importance of movement within built environments and the significance of access (restricted vs. open) for social interaction. As pointed out by others, these concepts overlap with the fields of environment-behavior theory (Fisher 2009) and urban morphology (Pinho and Oliveira 2009). While it may be artificial to single out space syntax as an independent body of empirical urban theory, I do so because of the distinctiveness of its methods and its widespread use by archaeologists.…”

Section: Space Syntaxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The field is integrated through the International Seminar on Urban Form (ISUF), a group that publishes the journal Urban Morphology and holds international conferences. In the past decades, the urban morphology approach has literally spread around the world, with planners, geographers, and urban historians pursuing these methods in many diverse areas (Conzen 2001;Pinho and Oliveira 2009;Whitehand and Gu 2006).…”

Section: Urban Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empirical Urban Theory for Archaeologists

Smith

2010

J Archaeol Method Theory

156

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I review several bodies of empirical urban theory relevant to the archaeological analysis of ancient cities. Empirical theory is a type of "middlerange theory" (following Robert Merton): sets of concepts and methods that are less abstract, and have greater empirical content, than high-level social theory. The categories of theory reviewed here include environment-behavior theory, architectural communication theory, space syntax, urban morphology, reception theory, generative planning theory, normative theory, and city size theory. Most of these approaches originated in the fields of architecture, planning, and geography, and they directly link the urban-built environment to the actions of people within cities.Keywords Urbanism . Theory . Planning . Middle-range theory . Built environment Archaeological research on ancient cities and urbanism exhibits a wide range of perspectives on the use of theory. Some archaeologists pursue descriptive research with little explicit use of theory, while others embrace high-level social theory. Still others chart a course between these poles by using lower-level concepts. Work in this latter category is more abstract than empirical description but more grounded and less abstract than high-level social theory. I call this body of work "empirical urban theory," and in this paper I argue that this is an especially productive explanatory approach for understanding ancient cities and urban life. In defining "theory" I follow anthropologist Roy Ellen, who states that theories, provide us with a framework through which we can explain and interpret data, and they should do so parsimoniously. So, we might define theory as 'A supposition or body of suppositions designed to explain phenomena or data' (Ellen 2010: 390).

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Section: Space Syntaxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Urban Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical Urban Theory for Archaeologists

Smith

2010

J Archaeol Method Theory

156

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“…A pesar de las sólidas bases del enfoque morfogenético este enfoque se ha visto complementado por tres aproximaciones (Moudon, 1997;Kropf, 2009Kropf, , 2016Oliveria, 2016): (a) la morfo-tipológica proveniente de la escuela italiana, (b) la relacional-material desde la escuela francesa y (c) la cuantitativa procedente del ámbito anglosajón-centro europeo (véase Figura 2). Frente a los métodos tradicionales ligados al enfoque morfogenético, 6 las mejoras en los sistemas de información geográfica, el desarrollo en las tecnologías de la información y el incremento cualitativo y disponibilidad de datos georreferenciados, ha enriquecido el campo de investigación sobre forma urbana con nuevas herramientas y métodos cuantitativos (Tsai, 2005;Clifton et al, 2008;Pinho & Oliveria, 2009;Ye & van Ness, 2014). Esta situación ha llevado a reconocer una nueva aproximación en el estudio de las formas urbanas: la cuantitativa o analítico-espacial (Kropf, 2016;Oliveria, 2013Oliveria, , 2016.…”

Section: Marco Teóricounclassified

El enfoque morfogenético y cuantitativo aplicado al estudio de las formas urbanas y la diversidad de usos: el caso de Toledo

Trapero

Ruiz-Apilánez

Gutiérrez

et al. 2019

BAGE

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Tradicionalmente, la forma urbana se ha usado como medio para entender los espacios urbanos. A pesar de ello, este conocimiento se ha efectuado especialmente en cascos antiguos y grandes ciudades, y el alcance de sus enfoques y métodos ha sido muy limitado en planificación y diseño. En base a estas limitaciones el artículo plantea (a) la identificación y caracterización de formas urbanas de los nuevos paisajes urbanos contemporáneos apoyándose en un enfoque morfogenético, y (b) la evaluación de la influencia en la configuración espacial sobre la diversidad de usos apoyándose en el enfoque cuantitativo. Mientras que un enfoque morfogenético revela diferentes formas urbanas con relación a la configuración espacial de las manzanas, parcelas, edificios, calles, plazas y zonas verdes, el enfoque cuantitativo, apoyado en las técnicas spacemate, diagrama n y el modelo de mezcla urbana funcional nos informa de propiedades espaciales de las formas urbanas y, a través del análisis factorial e inferencial, nos ayuda a evaluar la influencia de dichas propiedades en la diversidad de usos. Este artículo contribuye al debate conceptual y combinación de métodos en el estudio del grado de influencia del espacio (forma urbana) en la actividad humana (diversidad de usos) sirviendo además para guiar la planificación y diseño urbanos.

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“…Each configuration generates some specific properties and relationships that should be studied for a better understanding of the underlying processes that shaped the city. Urban morphology, as a specific field of knowledge on the urban structure and transformations, has an unquestionable legitimacy to contribute to more informed interventions in the city (Pinho and Oliveira 2009). Morphological analysis makes it possible to summarize the changes and trends of urban spatial structure and urban form (Jianquan 2011;Mohajeri, French, and Batty 2013).…”

Section: Cities Urban Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualizing urban sprawl effects of a Tunisian city: a new urban spatial configuration of Monastir

2019

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The purpose of this research is to study the dynamics associated with the physical transformations of the Tunisian city of Monastir between 1956 and 2013. Beyond the description and classification of urban forms of three different phases of Monastir's development, this research evaluates how urban changes underwent a rapid growth. The objective is to identify how the transformations undergone, from its original Medina transformation project to the contemporary city, can be apprehended using the underlying urban configuration and its evolution. The main question to address is as follows: how configurational urban changes over time have an impact on the way humans are connected throughout the organization of the city? As a theoretical background and methodology, our research is based on the theory of Social Logic of Space, and that considers the city as a dynamic system, and acknowledges circulation as the driving force behind urban morphological change. The series of investigations developed by our case study reveal the urban planning influence on the urban sprawl of the city of Monastir. It also shows the importance of centralities and accessibility of the urban forms and their effect on the distribution of land uses, and the role of the central/periphery dualism.

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Different approaches in the study of urban form

Cited by 21 publications

References 57 publications

Empirical Urban Theory for Archaeologists

Empirical Urban Theory for Archaeologists

El enfoque morfogenético y cuantitativo aplicado al estudio de las formas urbanas y la diversidad de usos: el caso de Toledo

Visualizing urban sprawl effects of a Tunisian city: a new urban spatial configuration of Monastir

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